Smith David V, Sip Kamila E, Delgado Mauricio R
Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey.
Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
Hum Brain Mapp. 2015 Jul;36(7):2743-55. doi: 10.1002/hbm.22804. Epub 2015 Apr 8.
Multiple large-scale neural networks orchestrate a wide range of cognitive processes. For example, interoceptive processes related to self-referential thinking have been linked to the default-mode network (DMN); whereas exteroceptive processes related to cognitive control have been linked to the executive-control network (ECN). Although the DMN and ECN have been postulated to exert opposing effects on cognition, it remains unclear how connectivity with these spatially overlapping networks contribute to fluctuations in behavior. While previous work has suggested the medial-prefrontal cortex (MPFC) is involved in behavioral change following feedback, these observations could be linked to interoceptive processes tied to DMN or exteroceptive processes tied to ECN because MPFC is positioned in both networks. To address this problem, we employed independent component analysis combined with dual-regression functional connectivity analysis. Participants made a series of financial decisions framed as monetary gains or losses. In some sessions, participants received feedback from a peer observing their choices; in other sessions, feedback was not provided. Following feedback, framing susceptibility-indexed as the increase in gambling behavior in loss frames compared to gain frames-was heightened in some participants and diminished in others. We examined whether these individual differences were linked to differences in connectivity by contrasting sessions containing feedback against those that did not contain feedback. We found two key results. As framing susceptibility increased, the MPFC increased connectivity with DMN; in contrast, temporal-parietal junction decreased connectivity with the ECN. Our results highlight how functional connectivity patterns with distinct neural networks contribute to idiosyncratic behavioral changes.
多个大规模神经网络协调一系列认知过程。例如，与自我参照思维相关的内感受过程已与默认模式网络（DMN）联系起来；而与认知控制相关的外感受过程则与执行控制网络（ECN）联系起来。尽管有人假设DMN和ECN对认知有相反的影响，但尚不清楚与这些空间上重叠的网络的连接如何导致行为波动。虽然先前的研究表明内侧前额叶皮层（MPFC）参与反馈后的行为变化，但这些观察结果可能与与DMN相关的内感受过程或与ECN相关的外感受过程有关，因为MPFC位于这两个网络中。为了解决这个问题，我们采用了独立成分分析结合双回归功能连接分析。参与者做出了一系列以货币收益或损失为框架的财务决策。在某些环节中，参与者收到了一位同伴观察他们选择后的反馈；在其他环节中，则没有提供反馈。反馈后，框架易感性（以损失框架下赌博行为相对于收益框架的增加来衡量）在一些参与者中增强，而在另一些参与者中减弱。我们通过对比有反馈的环节和没有反馈的环节，研究了这些个体差异是否与连接性差异有关。我们发现了两个关键结果。随着框架易感性增加，MPFC与DMN的连接性增强；相反，颞顶联合区与ECN的连接性减弱。我们的结果突出了与不同神经网络的功能连接模式如何导致特异的行为变化。
