Sayón-Orea Carmen, Bes-Rastrollo Maira, Martí Amelia, Pimenta Adriano M, Martín-Calvo Nerea, Martínez-González Miguel A
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
CIBERobn Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
BMC Public Health. 2015 Feb 21;15:170. doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-1518-7.
The role of yogurt consumption in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS) is not fully understood and the available epidemiologic evidence is scarce. The aim of our study was to assess the association between total, whole-fat, or low-fat yogurt consumption and the risk of developing MetS.
Yogurt consumption was assessed at baseline through a 136-item validated FFQ. MetS was defined following the harmonized definition for MetS according to the AHA and the IDF criteria. Logistic regression models were used.
During the first 6-y of follow-up of the SUN cohort, 306 incident cases of MetS were identified. Frequent consumption [≥875 g/week (≥7 servings/week) versus ≤ 250 g/week (2 servings/week)] of total, whole-fat and low-fat yogurt consumption showed non-significant inverse associations with MetS [OR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.60-1.18); 0.98 (95% CI: 0.68-1.41); and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.39-1.02) respectively]. Only one component of the MetS, central adiposity, was inversely associated with total and whole-fat yogurt consumption [OR = 0.85 (95% CI: 0.74-0.98) and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.73-0.99) respectively]. In the joint assessment of exposure to total yogurt consumption and fruit consumption, those in the highest category of total yogurt consumption, and having a high fruit consumption (above the median ≥264.5 g/day) exhibited a significantly lower risk of developing MetS [OR = 0.61 (95% CI: 0.38-0.99)] compared with those in the lowest category of total yogurt consumption and had fruit consumption below the study median.
No significant association between yogurt consumption and MetS was apparent. Only one component out of the 5 MetS criteria, central adiposity, was inversely associated with high yogurt consumption. The combination of high consumption of both yogurt and fruit was inversely associated with the development of MetS.
食用酸奶在代谢综合征（MetS）发展过程中的作用尚未完全明确，现有流行病学证据也较为匮乏。我们研究的目的是评估食用全脂酸奶、低脂酸奶或普通酸奶与发生MetS风险之间的关联。
通过一份包含136个条目的有效食物频率问卷（FFQ）在基线时评估酸奶的食用情况。根据美国心脏协会（AHA）和国际糖尿病联盟（IDF）标准对MetS进行统一的定义。使用逻辑回归模型。
在SUN队列的首次6年随访期间，共确定了306例MetS新发病例。经常食用（每周≥875克（≥7份/周）与每周≤250克（≤2份/周））全脂酸奶、低脂酸奶和普通酸奶与MetS呈非显著性负相关[比值比（OR）分别为0.84（95%置信区间：0.60 - 1.18）；0.98（95%置信区间：0.68 - 1.41）；0.63（95%置信区间：0.39 - 1.02）]。MetS的五个组成成分中，只有中心性肥胖与食用全脂酸奶和普通酸奶呈负相关[OR分别为0.85（95%置信区间：0.74 - 0.98）和0.85（95%置信区间：0.73 - 0.99）]。在对食用普通酸奶和水果的联合评估中，食用普通酸奶量最高且水果摄入量高（高于中位数≥264.5克/天）的人群与食用普通酸奶量最低且水果摄入量低于研究中位数的人群相比，发生MetS的风险显著降低[OR = 0.61（95%置信区间：0.38 - 0.99）]。
食用酸奶与MetS之间未发现显著关联。MetS的五项标准中只有一个组成成分，即中心性肥胖，与大量食用酸奶呈负相关。同时大量食用酸奶和水果与MetS的发生呈负相关。
