Iezzoni Lisa I, Wint Amy J, Smeltzer Suzanne C, Ecker Jeffrey L
Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, USA.
Mongan Institute for Health Policy, Massachusetts General Hospital, USA.
Disabil Health J. 2015 Jul;8(3):380-7. doi: 10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.02.002. Epub 2015 Mar 10.
Little is known about current societal attitudes toward women with significant mobility disability who are visibly pregnant.
To use qualitative descriptive analysis methods to examine perceptions of women with significant mobility disability about how strangers reacted to their visible pregnancies.
In late 2013, we conducted 2-h telephone interviews with 22 women with significant mobility difficulties who had delivered babies within the prior 10 years. The semi-structured, open-ended interview protocol addressed wide-ranging pregnancy-related topics, including statements from strangers. Most participants were recruited through social networks, coming from 17 states nationwide. We used NVivo to sort the texts for content analysis.
The women's mean (standard deviation) age was 34.8 (5.3) years; most were white, well-educated, and higher income, although half had Medicaid during their pregnancies; and 18 used wheeled mobility aids. Eighteen women described memorable interactions with strangers relating to their pregnancies or newborn babies. Strangers' statements fell into six categories: (1) curious; (2) intrusively and persistently curious; (3) hostile, including concerns that taxpayers would end up supporting the mother and child; (4) questioning woman's competence as a potential parent; (5) oblivious, not recognizing visible pregnancy or motherhood; and (6) positive. Many women reported strangers asking how their pregnancy had happened. The women doubted that visibly pregnant women without disabilities evoke the same reactions from strangers.
Women with mobility disability who are visibly pregnant may perceive reactions from strangers that appear intrusive. Planning ahead for handling such encounters could reduce the stresses of these interactions.
目前对于社会对明显怀有身孕的严重行动不便女性的态度了解甚少。
运用定性描述分析方法，研究严重行动不便女性对陌生人对其明显身孕反应的看法。
2013年末，我们对22名在过去10年内分娩过的严重行动不便女性进行了2小时的电话访谈。半结构化、开放式访谈协议涉及广泛的与怀孕相关的话题，包括陌生人的言论。大多数参与者通过社交网络招募，来自全国17个州。我们使用NVivo对文本进行分类以便进行内容分析。
这些女性的平均（标准差）年龄为34.8（5.3）岁；大多数是白人，受过良好教育，收入较高，尽管一半人在孕期有医疗补助；18人使用轮式助行器。18名女性描述了与陌生人就其怀孕或新生婴儿进行的难忘互动。陌生人的言论分为六类：（1）好奇；（2）过度且持续好奇；（3）敌意，包括担心纳税人最终会支持这位母亲和孩子；（4）质疑女性作为潜在父母的能力；（5）忽视，没有意识到明显的身孕或母亲身份；（6）积极。许多女性报告陌生人询问她们的怀孕是如何发生的。这些女性怀疑明显怀有身孕的非残疾女性不会引起陌生人同样的反应。
明显怀有身孕的行动不便女性可能会察觉到陌生人的反应具有侵扰性。提前规划应对此类遭遇可以减轻这些互动带来的压力。
