Heydari Gholamreza, Heidari Farrokh, Yousefifard Mahmoud, Hosseini Mostafa
1. Tobacco Prevention and Control Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.
2. Dept. of Neurology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2014 Apr;43(4):485-91.
Smoking and unhealthy diet are two major risk factors for non-communicable diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between these two risk factors amongst healthy adults 30-60 years old in Tehran, Iran.
Overall, 2602 healthy adults 30 to 60 years old in Tehran were studied. The demographic characteristics, anthropometric and smoking status of the participants were questioned. The frequency of consumption of red meat, white meat, fruits and vegetables, dairy products, bread and cereals and fast food were questioned to be daily, weekly, monthly, once every 6 months or yearly and categorized as "healthy" or "unhealthy".
Of the 2602 participants, 974 (37.4%) had smoked more than 100 cigarettes in their life time and continued daily or smoked occasionally. Smokers significantly consumed more fast food and white meat but less fruit and vegetables and dairy product (P<0.0001). Totally, 586 (22.5%) consumed "unhealthy" diet. A positive association between cigarette smoking and unhealthy diet (OR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.40-2.03) were found. After adjusting the analysis for the effect of age, education and gender, the odds ratio of consuming unhealthy diet for the smoker increased to 1.83 (1.50, 2.25) compared with non-smoker.
Our study found a noticeable association between cigarette smoking and unhealthy diet. Smoking cessation and changing diet program for smokers is recommended.
吸烟和不健康饮食是导致非传染性疾病的两大主要风险因素。本研究旨在调查伊朗德黑兰30至60岁健康成年人中这两种风险因素之间可能存在的关联。
总共对德黑兰2602名30至60岁的健康成年人进行了研究。询问了参与者的人口统计学特征、人体测量数据和吸烟状况。询问了红肉、白肉、水果和蔬菜、乳制品、面包和谷物以及快餐的消费频率，分为每日、每周、每月、每6个月一次或每年一次，并归类为“健康”或“不健康”。
在2602名参与者中，974人（37.4%）一生中吸烟超过100支，且持续每日吸烟或偶尔吸烟。吸烟者显著消费更多的快餐和白肉，但水果、蔬菜和乳制品的消费量较少（P<0.0001）。总共有586人（22.5%）饮食“不健康”。发现吸烟与不健康饮食之间存在正相关（OR=1.68；95%CI：1.40-2.03）。在对年龄、教育程度和性别的影响进行分析调整后，吸烟者食用不健康饮食的优势比与非吸烟者相比增加到1.83（1.50，2.25）。
我们的研究发现吸烟与不健康饮食之间存在显著关联。建议吸烟者戒烟并改变饮食计划。
