Alkaladi Ali, El-Deen Nasr A M Nasr, Afifi Mohamed, Zinadah Osama A Abu
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia ; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2015 Sep;22(5):556-63. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.02.012. Epub 2015 Feb 14.
This study was carried out to determine the LC50 of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) on Oreochromis niloticus and to investigate the effect of vitamin E and C on hematological and biochemical alterations induced by two sublethal concentrations (1 and 2 mg/L) of ZnONPs. One hundred and eighty fish were used for studying the lethal concentrations of ZnONPs. For sublethal study two hundred and twenty-five males of O. niloticus were equally divided into five groups, control, the second and the third were treated with 1 and 2 mg/L ZnONPs respectively. The fourth and fifth were exposed to the same concentrations of ZnONPs plus vitamins E and C. The results revealed that the 96 h LC50 of ZnONPs was 3.1 ± 0.4 mg/L. The sublethal study revealed the presence of normocytic normochromic anemia in groups (2, 3 and 5) along the experiment period. The 4th group showed normocytic normochromic anemia at the 7th day and microcytic hypochromic anemia at the 15th day. Leukocytosis, heterophilia, lymphopenia and monocytopenia were recorded at the 7th day in all treated groups compared with the normal control. At the 15th day heteropenia, lymphopenia and monocytopenia were reported in all treated groups. A significant increase in the serum levels of alkaline phosphatase, aminotransferases, urea, creatinine and erythrocytic nuclear and morphological abnormalities along the experimental periods in all treated groups compared with the normal control. Serum total protein and albumin levels were significantly decreased at the same period in the same groups. Addition of vitamin E and C to the diet (groups 4 and 5) significantly improved all measured parameters compared with groups (2 and 3) which treated with ZnONPs only.
本研究旨在测定纳米氧化锌（ZnONPs）对尼罗罗非鱼的半数致死浓度（LC50），并研究维生素E和维生素C对由两种亚致死浓度（1和2毫克/升）的ZnONPs诱导的血液学和生化改变的影响。180条鱼用于研究ZnONPs的致死浓度。对于亚致死研究，将225条尼罗罗非鱼雄性个体平均分为五组，对照组，第二组和第三组分别用1和2毫克/升的ZnONPs处理。第四组和第五组暴露于相同浓度的ZnONPs加维生素E和维生素C。结果显示，ZnONPs的96小时LC50为3.1±0.4毫克/升。亚致死研究表明，在实验期间，第2、3和5组存在正细胞正色素性贫血。第4组在第7天表现为正细胞正色素性贫血，在第15天表现为小细胞低色素性贫血。与正常对照组相比，所有处理组在第7天均出现白细胞增多、嗜异性粒细胞增多、淋巴细胞减少和单核细胞减少。在第15天，所有处理组均报告有嗜异性粒细胞减少、淋巴细胞减少和单核细胞减少。与正常对照组相比，所有处理组在实验期间血清碱性磷酸酶、转氨酶、尿素、肌酐水平显著升高，红细胞核及形态异常。同期同组血清总蛋白和白蛋白水平显著降低。与仅用ZnONPs处理的第2和3组相比，在饲料中添加维生素E和维生素C（第4和5组）显著改善了所有测量参数。
