High Inst of Sports and Physical Education, University of Jendouba, Kef, Tunisia.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2016 May;11(4):425-31. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2015-0052. Epub 2015 Sep 10.
The aim of the current study was to investigate the hormonal, physiological, and physical responses of simulated kickboxing competition and evaluate if there was a difference between winners and losers. Twenty athletes of regional and national level participated in the study (mean ± SD age 21.3 ± 2.7 y, height 170.0 ± 5.0 cm). Hormone (cortisol, testosterone, growth hormone), blood lactate [La], and glucose concentrations, as well as upper-body Wingate test and countermovement-jump (CMJ) performances, were measured before and after combats. Heart rate (HR) was measured throughout rounds 1, 2, and 3 and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was taken after each round. All combats were recorded and analyzed to determine the length of different activity phases (high-intensity, low-intensity, and referee pause) and the frequency of techniques. Hormones, glucose, [La], HR, and RPE increased (all P < .001) precombat to postcombat, while a decrease was observed for CMJ, Wingate test performance, body mass (all P < .001), and time of high-intensity activities (P = .005). There was no difference between winners and losers for hormonal, physiological, and physical variables (P > .05). However, winners executed more jab cross, total punches, roundhouse kicks, total kicks, and total attacking techniques (all P < .042) than losers. Kickboxing is an intermittent physically demanding sport that induces changes in the stress-related hormones soliciting the anaerobic lactic system. Training should be oriented to enhance kickboxers' anaerobic lactic fitness and their ability to strike at a sufficient rate. Further investigation is needed to identify possible differences in tactical and mental abilities that offer some insight into what makes winners winners.
本研究旨在探讨模拟踢拳比赛中的激素、生理和身体反应，并评估获胜者和失败者之间是否存在差异。20 名地区和国家级运动员参与了这项研究（平均年龄 21.3 ± 2.7 岁，身高 170.0 ± 5.0 厘米）。在比赛前后测量了激素（皮质醇、睾酮、生长激素）、血乳酸 [La] 和葡萄糖浓度，以及上半身的瓦格纳测试和反跳式跳跃（CMJ）表现，心率（HR）在第 1、2 和 3 轮全程测量，每轮后测量感觉用力程度（RPE）。所有比赛均被记录和分析，以确定不同活动阶段（高强度、低强度和裁判暂停）的长度和技术的频率。激素、葡萄糖、[La]、HR 和 RPE 在比赛前到比赛后均增加（均 P <.001），而 CMJ、瓦格纳测试表现、体重（均 P <.001）和高强度活动时间（P =.005）则下降。在激素、生理和物理变量方面，获胜者和失败者之间没有差异（P >.05）。然而，获胜者执行的刺拳交叉、总拳、勾拳、总踢和总攻击技术（均 P <.042）多于失败者。踢拳是一项间歇性的高体力要求的运动，会引起与应激相关的激素变化，刺激无氧乳酸系统。训练应侧重于提高踢拳运动员的无氧乳酸适应性和他们以足够的速度出拳的能力。需要进一步研究以确定战术和心理能力方面的可能差异，这为了解什么使获胜者获胜提供了一些见解。
