Lin Hang, Lin Rongjun, Li Na
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Sep 7;12(9):10984-94. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120910984.
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sensitization to common allergens in children with allergic rhinitis (AR) living in Qingdao, China. We conducted a retrospective analysis for AR cases, who underwent skin prick tests (SPT) in Qingdao. A total of 2841 children with AR qualified for the inclusion criteria (Age 3-5 years: 1500 children; Age 6-12 years: 1341 children). The most common inhaled allergens to which the AR children were sensitive were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (69.3%), Dermatophagoides farinae (66.2%) and mould 1 (Penicillium notatum 38.9%); while the corresponding ingested allergens were mussel (39.2%), shrimp (36.3%) and carp (36.5%). The prevalence of sensitization to inhaled allergens and food allergens was higher in children >6 years of age as compared to that in children 3-5 years of age (all p < 0.05). Children >6 years old were more sensitive to dust mite as compared to children 3-5 years old (p < 0.05). Sensitization to dust mite was more common in males than in females (p = 0.05). In this study, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae were the most common allergens causing AR in children in Qingdao, China. Older children with AR, particularly males, were found to be more sensitive to dust mite.
本研究旨在确定居住在中国青岛的过敏性鼻炎（AR）儿童中对常见变应原致敏的患病率。我们对在青岛接受皮肤点刺试验（SPT）的AR病例进行了回顾性分析。共有2841名AR儿童符合纳入标准（3至5岁：1500名儿童；6至12岁：1341名儿童）。AR儿童最常见的吸入性变应原是屋尘螨（69.3%）、粉尘螨（66.2%）和霉菌1（青霉38.9%）；而相应的食入性变应原是贻贝（39.2%）、虾（36.3%）和鲤鱼（36.5%）。与3至5岁儿童相比，6岁以上儿童对吸入性变应原和食物变应原的致敏患病率更高（所有p<0.05）。与3至5岁儿童相比，6岁以上儿童对尘螨更敏感（p<0.05）。男性对尘螨的致敏比女性更常见（p = 0.05）。在本研究中，屋尘螨和粉尘螨是中国青岛儿童中引起AR最常见的变应原。发现年龄较大的AR儿童，尤其是男性，对尘螨更敏感。
