Sung Myongsoon, Kim Sung Won, Kim Jeong Hee, Lim Dae Hyun
Department of Pediatrics, CHA Gumi Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Gumi, Korea.
Department of Pediatrics, Busan St. Mary Hospital, Busan, Korea.
J Korean Med Sci. 2017 Jun;32(6):926-932. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2017.32.6.926.
The aim of this study was to investigate role of common pollen in Korean school-aged children with allergic rhinitis (AR) in 5 provinces (Incheon Metropolitan City-Gyeonggi Province, Chungcheongbuk-do, Gwangju Metropolitan City, Busan Metropolitan City, and Jeju Special Self-Governing Province), using a questionnaire and skin prick test, and to assess the differences among the residential regions. Among the enrolled 14,678 total children, 1,641 (22.0%) had AR. The sensitization rate to pollen (38.7%) was the second highest among examined allergens and significant differences were in the sensitization rates to trees, weeds, and grasses among the 5 provinces (P < 0.05). The sensitization to trees (25.2%) was the highest common among the pollen types and significant differences also were observed in the sensitization rates to alder, birch, Japanese cedar, oak, and elm among the 5 provinces. The sensitization rate to weeds (19.9%) was the second highest and significant differences were observed in the sensitization rate to Japanese hop, mugwort, and ragweed among the 5 provinces. The sensitization rate to house dust mite was 86.8%, the highest among examined allergens and that to Dermatophagoides farinae exhibited regional differences (P = 0.003) but not to D. farinae (P = 0.584). The sensitization rate to mold (13.5%) was the highest in Jeju and lowest in Busan, and a statistically significant difference was detected among the 5 provinces. These results support that examined pollen allergens are strongly associated with residential region due to regional causative pollen differences among children with AR within Korea to investigate the main pollen allergens.
本研究旨在通过问卷调查和皮肤点刺试验，调查韩国5个省份（仁川广域市-京畿道、忠清北道、光州广域市、釜山广域市和济州特别自治道）学龄儿童过敏性鼻炎（AR）中常见花粉的作用，并评估不同居住地区之间的差异。在总共招募的14678名儿童中，1641名（22.0%）患有AR。花粉致敏率（38.7%）在检测的过敏原中排第二高，5个省份对树木、杂草和草类的致敏率存在显著差异（P<0.05）。对树木的致敏（25.2%）在花粉类型中最为常见，5个省份对桤木、桦树、日本柳杉、橡树和榆树的致敏率也存在显著差异。对杂草的致敏率（19.9%）排第二高，5个省份对日本啤酒花、艾蒿和豚草的致敏率存在显著差异。屋尘螨致敏率为86.8%，在检测的过敏原中最高，对粉尘螨的致敏率存在地区差异（P=0.003），但对屋尘螨的致敏率无地区差异（P=0.584）。霉菌致敏率（13.5%）在济州最高，在釜山最低，5个省份之间存在统计学显著差异。这些结果支持，由于韩国AR儿童中存在地区性致病花粉差异，所检测的花粉过敏原与居住地区密切相关，从而调查主要的花粉过敏原。
