Mirza M Zain, Swenson Richard D, Lynch Scott A
Penn State Hershey Bone and Joint Institute, 30 Hope Drive, Building B, Suite 2400, Hershey, PA, 17033-0850, USA.
Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2015 Dec;8(4):451-6. doi: 10.1007/s12178-015-9303-x.
Painful chondral defects of the knee are very difficult problems. The incidence of these lesions in the general population is not known since there is likely a high rate of asymptomatic lesions. The rate of lesions found during arthroscopic exam is highly variable, with reports ranging from 11 to 72 % Aroen (Aroen Am J Sports Med 32: 211-5, 2004); Curl(Arthroscopy13: 456-60, 1997); Figueroa(Arthroscopy 23(3):312-5, 2007;); Hjelle(Arthroscopy 18: 730-4, 2002). Examples of current attempts at cartilage restoration include marrow stimulating techniques, ostochondral autografts, osteochondral allografts, and autologous chondrocyte transplantation. Current research in marrow stimulating techniques has been focused on enhancing and guiding the biology of microfracture and other traditional techniques. Modern advances in stem cell biology and biotechnology have provided many avenues for exploration. The purpose of this work is to review current techniques in marrow stimulating techniques as it relates to chondral damage of the knee.
膝关节疼痛性软骨缺损是非常棘手的问题。由于可能存在大量无症状性损伤，这些损伤在普通人群中的发病率尚不清楚。关节镜检查时发现的损伤率差异很大，报告范围从11%到72%（阿罗恩（阿罗恩，《美国运动医学杂志》32: 211 - 215，2004年）；库尔（《关节镜检查》13: 456 - 460，1997年）；菲格罗亚（《关节镜检查》23(3): 312 - 315，2007年）；赫勒（《关节镜检查》18: 730 - 734，2002年））。目前软骨修复尝试的例子包括骨髓刺激技术、自体骨软骨移植、异体骨软骨移植和自体软骨细胞移植。目前骨髓刺激技术的研究重点是增强和引导微骨折及其他传统技术的生物学过程。干细胞生物学和生物技术的现代进展提供了许多探索途径。这项工作的目的是综述与膝关节软骨损伤相关的骨髓刺激技术的当前技术。
