Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Research Fellow of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2015 Dec 1;95:50-5. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.002. Epub 2015 Oct 19.
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometer-sized membranous vesicles and are involved in cell-to-cell communication. EVs contain several types of functional molecules, such as proteins, mRNAs, and microRNAs (miRNAs). Over the past several years, EVs have emerged as potential tools for a drug delivery system (DDS) that can target organs or cells. EVs have a function of organ tropism and are naturally occurring from cells. Therefore, EVs have expected as naturally DDSs, which have the organ tropism and a low side effect. Actually, some reports showed that EVs delivered drugs to specific organ. However, despite observed the organ tropism, the mechanisms of organ tropism of EVs are still unclear. Moreover, preservation and efficient collection of EVs are desired to be investigated. Here, we provide an overview of the methods for using EVs as DDSs.
细胞外囊泡（EVs）是纳米大小的膜性囊泡，参与细胞间通讯。EVs 包含多种功能分子，如蛋白质、mRNA 和 microRNAs（miRNAs）。在过去的几年中，EVs 已成为药物递送系统（DDS）的潜在工具，可以靶向器官或细胞。EVs 具有器官趋向性的功能，并且是天然存在于细胞中的。因此，EVs 被期望成为具有器官趋向性和低副作用的天然 DDS。实际上，一些报告显示 EVs 将药物递送到特定器官。然而，尽管观察到了器官趋向性，但 EVs 器官趋向性的机制仍不清楚。此外，还需要研究 EVs 的保存和高效收集。在这里，我们提供了使用 EVs 作为 DDS 的方法概述。
