墨西哥传统饮食评分在墨西哥裔女性系统性炎症和胰岛素抵抗方面的开发与应用
Development and Use of a Traditional Mexican Diet Score in Relation to Systemic Inflammation and Insulin Resistance among Women of Mexican Descent.
作者信息
Santiago-Torres Margarita, Tinker Lesley F, Allison Matthew A, Breymeyer Kara L, Garcia Lorena, Kroenke Candyce H, Lampe Johanna W, Shikany James M, Van Horn Linda, Neuhouser Marian L
机构信息
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA;
Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA;
出版信息
J Nutr. 2015 Dec;145(12):2732-40. doi: 10.3945/jn.115.213538. Epub 2015 Oct 21.
BACKGROUND
Women of Mexican descent are disproportionally affected by obesity, systemic inflammation, and insulin resistance (IR). Available approaches used to give scores to dietary patterns relative to dietary guidelines may not effectively capture traditional diets of Mexicans, who comprise the largest immigrant group in the United States.
OBJECTIVES
We characterized an a priori traditional Mexican diet (MexD) score high in corn tortillas, beans, soups, Mexican mixed dishes (e.g., tamales), fruits, vegetables, full-fat milk, and Mexican cheeses and low in refined grains and added sugars and evaluated the association of the MexD score with systemic inflammation and IR in 493 postmenopausal participants in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) who are of Mexican ethnic descent.
METHODS
The MexD score was developed from the baseline (1993-1998) WHI food frequency questionnaire, which included Hispanic foods and was available in Spanish. Body mass index (BMI) was computed from baseline measured weight and height, and ethnicity was self-reported. Outcome variables were high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and triglyceride concentrations measured at follow-up (2012-2013). Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to test the associations of the MexD score with systemic inflammation and IR.
RESULTS
The mean ± SD MexD score was 5.8 ± 2.1 (12 maximum points) and was positively associated with intakes of carbohydrates, vegetable protein, and dietary fiber and inversely associated with intakes of added sugars and total fat (P < 0.01). Women with high compared with low MexD scores, consistent with a more-traditional Mexican diet, had 23% and 15% lower serum hsCRP (P < 0.05) and insulin concentrations, respectively (P < 0.05). Baseline BMI modified these associations such that lower MexD scores were associated with higher insulin and HOMA-IR in overweight/obese women (P-interaction <0.05).
CONCLUSION
These findings suggest that greater adherence to a traditional Mexican diet could help reduce the future risk of systemic inflammation and IR in women of Mexican descent.
背景
墨西哥裔女性受肥胖、全身炎症和胰岛素抵抗（IR）的影响尤为严重。相对于饮食指南，用于对饮食模式进行评分的现有方法可能无法有效体现墨西哥人的传统饮食，而墨西哥人是美国最大的移民群体。
目的
我们对一种先验的传统墨西哥饮食（MexD）评分进行了特征描述，该评分在玉米饼、豆类、汤、墨西哥混合菜肴（如玉米粉蒸肉）、水果、蔬菜、全脂牛奶和墨西哥奶酪方面得分较高，在精制谷物和添加糖方面得分较低，并评估了MexD评分与女性健康倡议（WHI）中493名墨西哥裔绝经后参与者的全身炎症和IR之间的关联。
方法
MexD评分是根据基线（1993 - 1998年）WHI食物频率问卷制定的，该问卷包含西班牙裔食物且有西班牙语版本。体重指数（BMI）根据基线测量的体重和身高计算得出，种族由自我报告。结局变量为随访时（2012 - 2013年）测量的高敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）、血糖、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA - IR）和甘油三酯浓度。使用多变量线性和逻辑回归模型来检验MexD评分与全身炎症和IR之间的关联。
结果
MexD评分的平均值±标准差为5.8±2.1（满分12分），与碳水化合物、植物蛋白和膳食纤维的摄入量呈正相关，与添加糖和总脂肪的摄入量呈负相关（P<0.01）。与MexD评分低的女性相比，评分高的女性（符合更传统的墨西哥饮食）血清hsCRP和胰岛素浓度分别低23%和15%（P<0.05）。基线BMI改变了这些关联，使得在超重/肥胖女性中，较低的MexD评分与较高的胰岛素和HOMA - IR相关（P交互作用<0.05）。
结论
这些发现表明，更严格遵循传统墨西哥饮食有助于降低墨西哥裔女性未来发生全身炎症和IR的风险。
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