山药（薯蓣）及其活性成分尿囊素对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型的抗糖尿病作用
Antidiabetic Effects of Yam (Dioscorea batatas) and Its Active Constituent, Allantoin, in a Rat Model of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes.
作者信息
Go Hyeon-Kyu, Rahman Md Mahbubur, Kim Gi-Beum, Na Chong-Sam, Song Choon-Ho, Kim Jin-Shang, Kim Shang-Jin, Kang Hyung-Sub
机构信息
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, 79 Gobong-ro, Iksan-si, Jeollabuk-do 570-752, Korea.
Department of Animal Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 561-756, Korea.
出版信息
Nutrients. 2015 Oct 15;7(10):8532-44. doi: 10.3390/nu7105411.
The objective of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacies of crude yam (Dioscorea batatas) powder (PY), water extract of yam (EY), and allantoin (the active constituent of yam) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats with respect to glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), C-peptide, glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress. For this purpose, 50 rats were divided into five groups: normal control (NC), diabetic control (STZ), and STZ plus treatment groups (STZ + PY, STZ + EY, and STZ + allantoin). After treatment for one-month, there was a decrease in blood glucose: 385 ± 7 in STZ, 231 ± 3 in STZ + PY, 214 ± 11 in STZ + EY, and 243 ± 6 mg/dL in STZ + allantoin, respectively. There were significant statistical differences (p < 0.001) compared to STZ (100%): 60% in STZ + PY, 55% in STZ + EY, and 63% in STZ + allantoin. With groups in the same order, there were significant decreases (p < 0.001) in HbAlc (100% as 24.4 ± 0.6 ng/mL, 78%, 75%, and 77%), total cholesterol (100% as 122 ± 3 mg/dL, 70%, 67%, and 69%), and low-density lipoprotein (100% as 29 ± 1 mg/dL, 45%, 48%, and 38%). There were also significant increases (p < 0.001) in insulin (100% as 0.22 ± 0.00 ng/mL, 173%, 209%, and 177%), GLP-1 (100% as 18.4 ± 0.7 pmol/mL, 160%, 166%, and 162%), and C-peptide (100% as 2.56 ± 0.10 ng/mL, 129%, 132%, and 130%). The treatment effectively ameliorated antioxidant stress as shown by a significant decrease (p < 0.001) in malondialdehyde (100% as 7.25 ± 0.11 nmol/mL, 87%, 86%, and 85%) together with increases (p < 0.01) in superoxide dismutase (100% as 167 ± 6 IU/mL, 147%, 159%, and 145%) and reduced glutathione (100% as 167 ± 6 nmol/mL, 123%, 141%, and 140%). The results indicate that yam and allantoin have antidiabetic effects by modulating antioxidant activities, lipid profiles and by promoting the release of GLP-1, thereby improving the function of β-cells maintaining normal insulin and glucose levels.
本研究的目的是探讨粗山药（薯蓣）粉（PY）、山药水提取物（EY）和尿囊素（山药的活性成分）对链脲佐菌素（STZ）诱导的糖尿病大鼠在血糖、胰岛素、胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）、C肽、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、脂质代谢和氧化应激方面的治疗效果。为此，将50只大鼠分为五组：正常对照组（NC）、糖尿病对照组（STZ）以及STZ加治疗组（STZ + PY、STZ + EY和STZ +尿囊素）。治疗一个月后，血糖有所下降：STZ组为385±7mg/dL，STZ + PY组为231±3mg/dL，STZ + EY组为214±11mg/dL，STZ +尿囊素组为243±6mg/dL。与STZ组（100%）相比，差异有统计学意义（p < 0.001）：STZ + PY组为60%，STZ + EY组为55%，STZ +尿囊素组为63%。按相同顺序，HbAlc（以24.4±0.6ng/mL为100%，分别为78%、75%和77%）、总胆固醇（以122±3mg/dL为100%，分别为70%、67%和69%）以及低密度脂蛋白（以29±1mg/dL为100%，分别为45%、48%和38%）均有显著下降（p < 0.001）。胰岛素（以0.22±0.00ng/mL为100%，分别为173%、209%和177%）、GLP-1（以18.4±0.7pmol/mL为100%，分别为160%、166%和162%）以及C肽（以2.56±0.10ng/mL为100%，分别为129%、132%和130%）也有显著升高（p < 0.001）。治疗有效改善了抗氧化应激，表现为丙二醛显著下降（p < 0.001）（以7.25±0.11nmol/mL为100%，分别为87%、86%和85%），同时超氧化物歧化酶（以167±6IU/mL为100%，分别为147%、159%和145%）和还原型谷胱甘肽升高（p < 0.01）（以167±6nmol/mL为100%，分别为123%、141%和140%）。结果表明，山药和尿囊素通过调节抗氧化活性、脂质谱以及促进GLP-1的释放而具有抗糖尿病作用，从而改善β细胞功能，维持正常的胰岛素和血糖水平。
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