Paperny D M, Starn J R
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu.
Pediatrics. 1989 May;83(5):742-52.
Adolescents enjoy animated-action computer games that capture and hold attention. In this study, the use of computer-assisted instruction in improving knowledge and attitudes in favor of decreased teenage pregnancy is evaluated. Computer-assisted health education is an interactive process and simulates reality. Teenagers explore alternatives and outcomes, and experience consequences of behavioral choices. Two games were designed to promote understanding of the impact and cost of sexual behaviors and parenthood, as well as provide sexual survival skills. Educational evaluation in high schools showed improvements in knowledge and attitudes in these sensitive areas. Test instruments based on the content of each game were developed to assess the impact of the two interventions. Half of the 718 teenagers used the educational programs, and half served as matched control subjects who did not use computer games. Players rated the games highly and evaluated them positively. Measures of 19 factual and psychologic factors associated with pregnancy and parenting were separately made for control and experimental groups. Teenagers who played the games gained knowledge and positive attitude changes to a significantly greater extent than did the comparison group. "The Baby Game!" users increased their knowledge of costs of birth and of costs in money and time of child rearing. "Romance!" users would seek more professional help, had a better understanding of risk of pregnancy, learned more effective means of contraception, and had greater acceptance of oral contraceptives. Teachers and teenagers found the computer games acceptable and fun, and the games reduced counseling time in physician's offices. Computer-assisted instruction is a useful means of providing health education and a promising intervention for adolescent pregnancy.
青少年喜欢能吸引并保持注意力的动作类电脑游戏。在本研究中，评估了使用计算机辅助教学来提高有利于减少青少年怀孕的知识和态度。计算机辅助健康教育是一个互动过程，模拟现实。青少年探索各种选择和结果，并体验行为选择的后果。设计了两款游戏，以促进对性行为和为人父母的影响及成本的理解，并提供性生存技能。高中的教育评估显示，在这些敏感领域，知识和态度有了改善。根据每个游戏的内容开发了测试工具，以评估这两种干预措施的影响。718名青少年中有一半使用了教育项目，另一半作为匹配的对照对象，未使用电脑游戏。玩家对游戏评价很高，并给予积极评价。分别对对照组和实验组进行了与怀孕和育儿相关的19个事实和心理因素的测量。玩游戏的青少年在知识和积极态度的改变方面比对照组有显著更大的提升。“宝宝游戏！”的使用者增加了对生育成本以及养育孩子的金钱和时间成本的了解。“浪漫！”的使用者会寻求更多专业帮助，对怀孕风险有更好的理解，学到了更有效的避孕方法，并且对口服避孕药有更大的接受度。教师和青少年认为电脑游戏是可以接受且有趣的，并且这些游戏减少了医生办公室的咨询时间。计算机辅助教学是提供健康教育的一种有用手段，也是预防青少年怀孕的一种有前景的干预措施。
