Erasmus R T, Alanamu R A, Bojuwoye B, Oluboyo P, Arije A
East Afr Med J. 1989 Apr;66(4):248-54.
The results of a prospective study of the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among Nigerian diabetics attending a Nigerian Teaching Hospital over a one and a half-year period are presented. Diabetics with mature cataracts whose fundi could not be visualised were excluded from the study. 15.1% of the 377 diabetic patients included in the study group had changes consistent with diabetic retinopathy. The prevalence was found to increase with increasing duration of disease, being 12.7%, 16.8% and 20.0% in patients with duration less than 5 years, between 5 and 10 years and greater than 10 years respectively. A considerably higher prevalence was also found in the insulin treated diabetics compared to the non insulin treated group (P less than 0.05). The degree of glycaemic control appeared to be poorer in the diabetics with retinopathy compared to those without, even though the differences between the mean fasting plasma glucose concentrations between the two groups did not reach statistical significance. Proteinuria was found to be significantly commoner in diabetics with retinopathy (P less than 0.025). It was concluded that diabetic retinopathy is on the increase among Nigerians and that efforts should be directed at evolving preventive measures and early identification of high risk patients.
本文呈现了一项前瞻性研究的结果，该研究针对在一家尼日利亚教学医院就诊的糖尿病患者，为期一年半，调查糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率。患有成熟白内障且眼底无法看清的糖尿病患者被排除在研究之外。研究组纳入的377名糖尿病患者中，15.1%有与糖尿病视网膜病变相符的改变。发现患病率随病程延长而增加，病程小于5年、5至10年、大于10年的患者患病率分别为12.7%、16.8%和20.0%。与未接受胰岛素治疗的组相比，接受胰岛素治疗的糖尿病患者患病率也显著更高（P小于0.05）。与没有视网膜病变的糖尿病患者相比，有视网膜病变的患者血糖控制程度似乎更差，尽管两组的平均空腹血糖浓度差异未达到统计学意义。发现蛋白尿在有视网膜病变的糖尿病患者中明显更常见（P小于0.025）。得出的结论是，糖尿病视网膜病变在尼日利亚人中呈上升趋势，应致力于制定预防措施并尽早识别高危患者。
