Liu Xiaoqin, Yan Ying, Li Fang, Zhang Dongfeng
Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Department of Teaching Research, The Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
Nutrition. 2016 Mar;32(3):296-302. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2015.09.009. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
Epidemiologic investigations evaluating the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with depression risk have yielded controversial results. Therefore, a meta-analysis was carried out to qualitatively summarize the evidence regarding association of fruit and vegetable intake with risk of depression in the general population.
PubMed, Embase, and Web of Knowledge were searched for relevant articles published up to June 2015. To evaluate the association of fruit and vegetable intake with depression risk, combined relative risks were calculated with the fixed or random effects model. Meta-regression was conducted to explore potential sources of heterogeneity. Publication bias was estimated by the Egger's test and the funnel plot.
Ten studies involving 227 852 participants for fruit intake and eight studies involving 218 699 participants for vegetable intake were finally included in this study. The combined relative risk (95% confidence interval) of depression for the highest versus lowest category of fruit and vegetable intake was 0.86 (0.81, 0.91; P < 0.01) and 0.89 (0.83, 0.94; P < 0.01), respectively. In subgroup analyses stratified by study design, the inverse association of fruit (0.83 [0.77, 0.91; P = 0.006]) and vegetable (0.88 [0.79, 0.96; P = 0.007]) intake with risk of depression was also observed in the cohort study.
This meta-analysis indicated that fruit and vegetable consumption might be inversely associated with the risk of depression, respectively.
评估水果和蔬菜摄入量与抑郁症风险之间关联的流行病学调查得出了相互矛盾的结果。因此，开展了一项荟萃分析，以定性总结有关一般人群中水果和蔬菜摄入量与抑郁症风险关联的证据。
检索了PubMed、Embase和Web of Knowledge截至2015年6月发表的相关文章。为评估水果和蔬菜摄入量与抑郁症风险的关联，采用固定效应模型或随机效应模型计算合并相对风险。进行荟萃回归以探索异质性的潜在来源。通过Egger检验和漏斗图评估发表偏倚。
本研究最终纳入了10项涉及227852名水果摄入量参与者的研究和8项涉及218699名蔬菜摄入量参与者的研究。水果摄入量最高组与最低组相比，抑郁症的合并相对风险（95%置信区间）为0.86（0.81，0.91；P<0.01），蔬菜摄入量最高组与最低组相比为0.89（0.83，0.94；P<0.01）。在按研究设计分层的亚组分析中，队列研究中也观察到水果（0.83[0.77，0.91；P=0.006]）和蔬菜（0.88[0.79，0.96；P=0.007]）摄入量与抑郁症风险呈负相关。
这项荟萃分析表明，水果和蔬菜的消费可能分别与抑郁症风险呈负相关。
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