Shechter Ari, Grandner Michael A, St-Onge Marie-Pierre
College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, and New York Obesity Nutrition Research Center, St Luke's Mount Sinai, Mount Sinai Health System, New York (AS, MPSO); and Behavioral Sleep Medicine Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (MAG).
Am J Lifestyle Med. 2014 Nov 1;8(6):371-374. doi: 10.1177/1559827614545315. Epub 2014 Aug 6.
Short sleep duration is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for obesity. Sleep is now considered 1 of the 3 lifestyle behaviors, along with diet and exercise, which are closely associated with health. If sleep duration is a causal factor in the etiology of obesity, it must affect energy intake and/or energy expenditure to create a positive energy balance. The preponderance of evidence to date points to an effect of sleep restriction on energy intake that exceeds the added energy costs of maintaining longer wakefulness. Observational studies describe greater intakes of energy, fat, and possibly carbohydrates in short sleepers and this is corroborated by clinical interventions. These intervention studies further provide mechanistic explanations, via alterations in hormonal and neuronal controls of food intake, for an association between short sleep and obesity.
短睡眠时间日益被认为是肥胖的一个风险因素。睡眠现在被视为与健康密切相关的三种生活方式行为之一，另外两种是饮食和运动。如果睡眠时间是肥胖病因中的一个因果因素，那么它必定会影响能量摄入和/或能量消耗，从而形成正能量平衡。迄今为止的大量证据表明，睡眠限制对能量摄入的影响超过了维持更长清醒时间所增加的能量消耗。观察性研究表明，睡眠不足者摄入的能量、脂肪以及可能还有碳水化合物更多，临床干预也证实了这一点。这些干预研究还通过食物摄入的激素和神经控制的改变，进一步为短睡眠与肥胖之间的关联提供了机制性解释。
