Heagele Tara N
Tara N. Heagele is with the School of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, and the Specialty Care Transport Unit, Exceptional Medical Transportation, West Berlin, NJ.
Am J Public Health. 2016 Jun;106(6):979-82. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303148. Epub 2016 Apr 14.
We reviewed the available evidence in support of the effectiveness of disaster supply kits presently used in household emergency preparedness in the United States. The expectation that people should take responsibility for their own disaster preparedness has largely not taken into account contextual influences on disaster preparedness. The efficiency of current disaster supply kits used during critical postdisaster periods has not been empirically tested. Professional recommendations regarding the composition of disaster supply kits containing at least water, food, first aid, hygiene, and clothing have not been universally defined. This lack of consensus may lead to the assembling of disaster supply kits yielding suboptimal results. The use of disaster supply kits should continue to be nationally recommended, although additional research is needed to demonstrate their beneficial impact on survival and resilience after a disaster.
我们回顾了现有证据，以支持目前美国用于家庭应急准备的灾难应急包的有效性。人们应该为自己的灾难准备负责这一期望，在很大程度上没有考虑到影响灾难准备的背景因素。当前在灾后关键时期使用的灾难应急包的效率尚未经过实证检验。关于灾难应急包组成的专业建议，即至少包含水、食物、急救用品、卫生用品和衣物，尚未得到统一界定。这种缺乏共识的情况可能导致组装的灾难应急包效果欠佳。尽管需要更多研究来证明灾难应急包对灾难后生存和恢复力的有益影响，但在全国范围内仍应继续推荐使用灾难应急包。
