Gleeson Michael, Bishop Nicolette C, Struszczak Lauren
School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 3TU, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2016 Aug;116(8):1555-63. doi: 10.1007/s00421-016-3415-x. Epub 2016 Jun 13.
To assess evidence of health and immune benefit by consumption of a Lactobacillus casei Shirota probiotic in highly physically active people.
Single-centre, population-based, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Daily ingestion of probiotic (PRO) or placebo (PLA) for 20 weeks for n = 243 (126 PRO, 117 PLA) university athletes and games players. Subjects completed validated questionnaires on upper respiratory tract infection symptoms (URS) on a daily basis and on physical activity status at weekly intervals during the intervention period. Blood samples were collected before and after 20 weeks of the intervention for determination of Epstein Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) serostatus and antibody levels.
URS episode incidence was unexpectedly low (mean 0.6 per individual) and was not significantly different on PRO compared with PLA. URS episode duration and severity were also not influenced by PRO. A significant time × group interaction effect was observed for plasma CMV antibody titres in CMV seropositive participants (p < 0.01) with antibody titre falling in the PRO group but remaining unchanged in the PLA group over time. A similar effect was found for plasma EBV antibody titres in EBV seropositive participants (p < 0.01) with antibody titre falling in the PRO group but increasing in the PLA group over time.
In summary, regular ingestion of PRO did not reduce URS episode incidence which might be attributable to the low URS incidence in this study. Regular ingestion of PRO reduced plasma CMV and EBV antibody titres, an effect that can be interpreted as a benefit to overall immune status.
评估食用干酪乳杆菌代田株益生菌对高体力活动人群健康和免疫的益处。
单中心、基于人群的随机双盲安慰剂对照试验。n = 243名大学运动员和比赛选手（126名服用益生菌，117名服用安慰剂），每日摄入益生菌（PRO）或安慰剂（PLA），持续20周。在干预期内，受试者每天完成关于上呼吸道感染症状（URS）的有效问卷，并每周填写一次身体活动状况问卷。在干预20周前后采集血样，以测定爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）和巨细胞病毒（CMV）血清状态及抗体水平。
URS发作发生率出人意料地低（平均每人0.6次），服用PRO组与PLA组相比无显著差异。URS发作持续时间和严重程度也不受PRO影响。在CMV血清阳性参与者中，观察到血浆CMV抗体滴度有显著的时间×组间交互作用（p < 0.01），随着时间推移，PRO组抗体滴度下降，而PLA组保持不变。在EBV血清阳性参与者中，血浆EBV抗体滴度也有类似效果（p < 0.０1），随着时间推移，PRO组抗体滴度下降，而PLA组上升。
总之，定期摄入PRO并未降低URS发作发生率，这可能归因于本研究中URS发生率较低。定期摄入PRO可降低血浆CMV和EBV抗体滴度这一效果可被解释为对整体免疫状态有益。
