Almeida-Souza Fernando, Taniwaki Noemi Nosomi, Amaral Ana Cláudia Fernandes, de Souza Celeste da Silva Freitas, Calabrese Kátia da Silva, Abreu-Silva Ana Lúcia
Laboratório de Imunomodulação e Protozoologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, 21040-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, 65055-310 São Luís, MA, Brazil.
Unidade de Microscopia Eletrônica, Instituto Adolf Lutz, 01246-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:5063540. doi: 10.1155/2016/5063540. Epub 2016 May 22.
The search for new treatments against leishmaniasis has increased due to high frequency of drug resistance registered in endemics areas, side effects, and complications caused by coinfection with HIV. Morinda citrifolia Linn., commonly known as Noni, has a rich chemical composition and various therapeutic effects have been described in the literature. Studies have shown the leishmanicidal activity of M. citrifolia; however, its action on the parasite has not yet been elucidated. In this work, we analyzed leishmanicidal activity and ultrastructural changes in Leishmania infantum promastigotes caused by M. citrifolia fruit juice treatment. M. citrifolia fruit extract showed a yield of 6.31% and high performance liquid chromatography identified phenolic and aromatic compounds as the major constituents. IC50 values were 260.5 µg/mL for promastigotes and 201.3 µg/mL for intracellular amastigotes of L. infantum treated with M. citrifolia. Cytotoxicity assay with J774.G8 macrophages showed that M. citrifolia fruit juice was not toxic up to 2 mg/mL. Transmission electron microscopy showed cytoplasmic vacuolization, lipid inclusion, increased exocytosis activity, and autophagosome-like vesicles in L. infantum promastigotes treated with M. citrifolia fruit juice. M. citrifolia fruit juice was active against L. infantum in the in vitro model used here causing ultrastructural changes and has a future potential for treatment against leishmaniasis.
由于在流行地区出现的高耐药率、副作用以及由艾滋病毒合并感染引起的并发症，针对利什曼病的新治疗方法的研究有所增加。海巴戟天，俗称诺丽，具有丰富的化学成分，文献中已描述了其多种治疗作用。研究表明海巴戟天具有杀利什曼原虫活性；然而，其对寄生虫的作用尚未阐明。在这项工作中，我们分析了海巴戟天果汁处理对婴儿利什曼原虫前鞭毛体的杀利什曼原虫活性和超微结构变化。海巴戟天果实提取物的得率为6.31%，高效液相色谱法鉴定出酚类和芳香族化合物为主要成分。用海巴戟天处理的婴儿利什曼原虫前鞭毛体的IC50值为260.5μg/mL，细胞内无鞭毛体的IC50值为201.3μg/mL。用J774.G8巨噬细胞进行的细胞毒性试验表明，海巴戟天果汁在浓度高达2mg/mL时无毒。透射电子显微镜显示，用海巴戟天果汁处理的婴儿利什曼原虫前鞭毛体出现细胞质空泡化、脂质包涵体、胞吐活性增加以及自噬体样小泡。在本体外模型中，海巴戟天果汁对婴儿利什曼原虫具有活性，可引起超微结构变化，在治疗利什曼病方面具有潜在的应用前景。
