Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil.
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Sao Francisco University, Bragança Paulista, Brazil.
Int J Paediatr Dent. 2017 May;27(3):174-182. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12249. Epub 2016 Jul 19.
This longitudinal study investigated the relationship among early childhood caries (ECC), α amylase, carbonic anhydrase VI (CA VI), and the presence of visible biofilm, besides detecting if these variables could predict risk for ECC.
One hundred children were divided into two groups: caries group (n = 45) and caries-free group (n = 55). Visible biofilm on maxillary incisors was recorded, followed by caries diagnosis in preschoolers at baseline and at follow-up. Saliva samples were collected, and activities of CA VI and α amylase were determined. Data normality was assessed by Shapiro-Wilk test and then Mann-Whitney, Spearman correlation, and chi-square tests followed by multiple logistic regression analysis (α = 0.05, 95% confidence interval).
CA VI activity was significantly higher in saliva of children with caries (P ≤ 0.05), and α amylase activity was significantly higher in saliva of caries-free children (P < 0.0001). Children with α amylase activity in saliva lower than 122.8 U/mL (OR = 3.33 P = 0.042) and visible biofilm on maxillary incisors (OR = 3.6 P = 0.009) were more likely to develop ECC than caries-free children. A negative correlation between caries and α amylase activity was found (P = 0.0008).
The presence of visible biofilm and low salivary activity of α amylase may be considered risk predictors for ECC.
本纵向研究调查了婴幼儿龋（ECC）、α-淀粉酶、碳酸酐酶 VI（CA VI）和可见生物膜之间的关系，并检测了这些变量是否可以预测 ECC 的风险。
将 100 名儿童分为两组：龋组（n=45）和无龋组（n=55）。记录上颌切牙上的可见生物膜，然后在基线和随访时对学龄前儿童进行龋病诊断。收集唾液样本，测定 CA VI 和α-淀粉酶的活性。数据正态性采用 Shapiro-Wilk 检验，然后采用 Mann-Whitney、Spearman 相关和卡方检验，再进行多元逻辑回归分析（α=0.05，95%置信区间）。
龋组儿童唾液中的 CA VI 活性显著升高（P≤0.05），无龋组儿童唾液中的α-淀粉酶活性显著升高（P<0.0001）。唾液中α-淀粉酶活性低于 122.8 U/mL（OR=3.33，P=0.042）和上颌切牙可见生物膜（OR=3.6，P=0.009）的儿童比无龋儿童更容易发生 ECC。发现龋病与α-淀粉酶活性呈负相关（P=0.0008）。
可见生物膜的存在和唾液中α-淀粉酶活性低可能被认为是 ECC 的风险预测因子。
