Department of Biological Sciences, Lehman College, The City University of New York, 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West, Bronx, NY 10468, USA. The Graduate School and University Center-CUNY, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016-4309, USA.
Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, 975 North Warson Road, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA.
Science. 2016 Sep 16;353(6305):1232-6. doi: 10.1126/science.aad2062.
New technologies are redefining how plant biology will meet societal challenges in health, nutrition, agriculture, and energy. Rapid and inexpensive genome and transcriptome sequencing is being exploited to discover biochemical pathways that provide tools needed for synthetic biology in both plant and microbial systems. Metabolite detection at the cellular and subcellular levels is complementing gene sequencing for pathway discovery and metabolic engineering. The crafting of plant and microbial metabolism for the synthetic biology platforms of tomorrow will require precise gene editing and delivery of entire complex pathways. Plants sustain life and are key to discovery and development of new medicines and agricultural resources; increased research and training in plant science will accelerate efforts to harness the chemical wealth of the plant kingdom.
新技术正在重新定义植物生物学如何应对健康、营养、农业和能源方面的社会挑战。快速且廉价的基因组和转录组测序技术正在被开发利用，以发现生化途径，为植物和微生物系统中的合成生物学提供所需的工具。在细胞和亚细胞水平上进行代谢物检测，为通路发现和代谢工程提供了补充。为了构建未来的植物和微生物合成生物学平台，需要进行精确的基因编辑和完整复杂途径的传递。植物维持着生命，是发现和开发新药和农业资源的关键；增加植物科学的研究和培训将加速利用植物王国的化学财富的努力。
