Pardhan Shahina, Smith Lee, Bourne Rupert, Davis Adrian, Leveziel Nicolas, Jacob Louis, Koyanagi Ai, López-Sánchez Guillermo F
Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social Care, School of Medicine, Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jan 18;11:627980. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.627980. eCollection 2020.
Individually, vision and hearing impairments have been linked to higher levels of anxiety and depression. We investigated the effect of dual sensory impairment (difficulty seeing and hearing) in a large representative sample of Spanish adults.
Data from a total of 23,089 adults (age range: 15-103 years, 45.9% men) from the Spanish National Health Survey 2017 were analyzed. Self-reported difficulty of seeing and hearing (exposures), and depression and chronic anxiety (outcomes) were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was assessed for difficulty with vision alone, hearing alone and with difficulty with both, adjusting for gender, age, marital status, living as a couple, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, physical activity, use of glasses/contact lenses, and hearing aid.
Visual difficulty, hearing difficulty, and dual difficulties were all associated with significantly higher odds for depression (ORs 2.367, 2.098, and 3.852, respectively) and for chronic anxiety (ORs 1.983, 1.942, and 3.385, respectively). Dual sensory difficulty was associated with higher odds ratios for depression and anxiety when compared to either impairment alone.
Dual sensory difficulty is associated with significantly higher odds of anxiety and depression when compared to either vision or hearing difficulty alone. Appropriate interventions are needed to address any reversible causes of vision and hearing as well as anxiety and depression in people in these specific groups.
视力和听力障碍分别与较高水平的焦虑和抑郁有关。我们在一个具有代表性的西班牙成年人大型样本中研究了双重感官障碍（视力和听力困难）的影响。
分析了来自2017年西班牙国家健康调查的总共23,089名成年人（年龄范围：15 - 103岁，男性占45.9%）的数据。对自我报告的视力和听力困难（暴露因素）以及抑郁和慢性焦虑（结果）进行了分析。采用多变量逻辑回归评估单独的视力困难、单独的听力困难以及两者都有的困难，并对性别、年龄、婚姻状况、是否与伴侣同住、教育程度、吸烟、饮酒、体重指数、身体活动、是否使用眼镜/隐形眼镜以及助听器进行了调整。
视力困难、听力困难以及双重困难均与抑郁（比值比分别为2.367、2.098和3.852）和慢性焦虑（比值比分别为1.983、1.942和3.385）的显著较高几率相关。与单独的任何一种障碍相比，双重感官困难与抑郁和焦虑的较高比值比相关。
与单独的视力或听力困难相比，双重感官困难与焦虑和抑郁的显著较高几率相关。需要采取适当干预措施来解决这些特定人群中视力和听力以及焦虑和抑郁的任何可逆性病因。
