Feng Juan, Xing Wanli, Xie Lan
Medical Systems Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing 102206, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2016 Oct 17;17(10):1729. doi: 10.3390/ijms17101729.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of endogenous small noncoding RNAs in eukaryotes, have been recognized as significant regulators of gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms. To date, >2000 miRNAs have been identified in the human genome, and they orchestrate a variety of biological and pathological processes. Disruption of miRNA levels correlates with many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, a complex multifactorial metabolic disorder affecting >400 million people worldwide. miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus by affecting pancreatic β-cell functions, insulin resistance, or both. In this review, we summarize the investigations of the regulatory roles of important miRNAs in diabetes, as well as the potential of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic markers for diabetes mellitus.
微小RNA（miRNA）是真核生物中一类内源性小非编码RNA，已被公认为是通过转录后机制对基因表达进行重要调控的因子。迄今为止，人类基因组中已鉴定出2000多种miRNA，它们共同调控着多种生物学和病理过程。miRNA水平的破坏与许多疾病相关，包括糖尿病，这是一种影响全球4亿多人的复杂多因素代谢紊乱疾病。miRNA通过影响胰腺β细胞功能、胰岛素抵抗或两者来参与糖尿病的发病机制。在本综述中，我们总结了重要miRNA在糖尿病中调控作用的研究，以及循环miRNA作为糖尿病诊断标志物的潜力。
