Wittkowski Anja, Dowling Hannah, Smith Debbie M
School of Psychological Sciences, 2nd Floor Zochonis Building, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PL UK.
J Child Fam Stud. 2016;25(11):3173-3191. doi: 10.1007/s10826-016-0464-z. Epub 2016 Jun 13.
As the preschool years are a formative period for long-term physical and mental health, this period is recognised as an important window for early effective intervention. Parenting behaviour is a key factor to target in order to optimise child development. Group-based interventions for parents are considered efficient and cost effective methods of early intervention and have been found to improve child behaviour and adjustment. Self-efficacy is key to behaviour change and as such parental self-efficacy should be a consideration in interventions aimed at influencing parenting behaviour. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to examine the impact of group-based early interventions for parents of preschool children on parental self-efficacy. Nine databases were searched (ASSIA, CINAHL, EMBASE, Maternity and Infant Care, Ovid Medline, PsycINFO, Pubmed, Science Direct and Web of Science). Studies were included if they were a randomised controlled trial of a group-based intervention for parents of preschool children and measured change in parental self-efficacy. Fifteen studies were identified. Although changes in parental self-efficacy following a group-based intervention were noted in the majority of studies reviewed, the methodological quality of the studies included in the review means these findings have to be interpreted with caution; only seven studies were rated to be methodologically adequate. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms by which these interventions may improve parental self-efficacy. Studies specifically examining the impact of such interventions on paternal self-efficacy are also warranted.
由于学前阶段是长期身心健康的形成期，这一时期被视为早期有效干预的重要窗口。养育行为是优化儿童发展的关键目标因素。基于小组的家长干预措施被认为是早期干预的有效且具成本效益的方法，并且已发现其能改善儿童行为和适应能力。自我效能感是行为改变的关键，因此在旨在影响养育行为的干预措施中应考虑家长的自我效能感。因此，本系统评价的目的是探讨基于小组的学前儿童家长早期干预措施对家长自我效能感的影响。检索了九个数据库（ASSIA、CINAHL、EMBASE、母婴护理、Ovid Medline、PsycINFO、Pubmed、Science Direct和Web of Science）。如果研究是针对学前儿童家长的基于小组干预的随机对照试验，并测量了家长自我效能感的变化，则纳入研究。共识别出15项研究。尽管在所审查的大多数研究中都注意到基于小组干预后家长自我效能感的变化，但审查中纳入的研究的方法学质量意味着这些发现必须谨慎解读；只有七项研究在方法学上被评为充分。需要进一步研究以了解这些干预措施可能提高家长自我效能感的机制。专门研究此类干预措施对父亲自我效能感影响的研究也很有必要。
