Planalp Elizabeth M, Van Hulle Carol, Lemery-Chalfant Kathryn, Goldsmith H Hill
Waisman Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Department of Psychology, Arizona State University.
Emotion. 2017 Apr;17(3):412-420. doi: 10.1037/emo0000238. Epub 2016 Oct 31.
We studied developmental changes in infant positive affect from 6 to 12 months of age, a time marked by increasing use of positive vocalizations, laughter, and social smiles. We estimated the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on observed and parent reported infant positive affect across development. Participants were drawn from a longitudinal twin study of infancy and toddlerhood (N = 536 twin pairs). Mothers and fathers reported on infant temperament and infants were videotaped during 2 observational tasks assessing positive affect. Parents also reported on their own affect and emotional expression within the family. Biometric models examined genetic and environmental influences that contribute to the developmental continuity of positive affect. Infant positive affect was associated with increased parent positive affect and family expressions of positive affect although not with family expressions of negative affect. In addition, the shared environment accounted for a large portion of variation in infant positive affect and continuity over time. These findings highlight the importance of the family environment in relation to infant positive emotional development. (PsycINFO Database Record
我们研究了6至12个月大婴儿积极情绪的发展变化，这一时期的特点是积极发声、大笑和社交微笑的使用日益增多。我们估计了整个发育过程中遗传和环境因素对观察到的以及父母报告的婴儿积极情绪的影响程度。参与者来自一项针对婴儿期和幼儿期的纵向双胞胎研究（N = 536对双胞胎）。母亲和父亲报告婴儿的气质，并且在两项评估积极情绪的观察任务中对婴儿进行录像。父母还报告了他们自己在家庭中的情绪和情感表达。生物统计学模型研究了对积极情绪发展连续性有贡献的遗传和环境影响。婴儿的积极情绪与父母积极情绪的增加以及家庭中积极情绪的表达有关，尽管与家庭中消极情绪的表达无关。此外，共同环境在婴儿积极情绪及其随时间的连续性变化中占了很大一部分。这些发现凸显了家庭环境在婴儿积极情绪发展方面的重要性。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
