Shen Wei, Li Xingshan
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2016 Nov 3;7:1713. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01713. eCollection 2016.
In the current study, we used eye tracking to investigate whether senses of polysemous words and meanings of homonymous words are represented and processed similarly or differently in Chinese reading. Readers read sentences containing target words which was either homonymous words or polysemous words. The contexts of text preceding the target words were manipulated to bias the participants toward reading the ambiguous words according to their dominant, subordinate, or neutral meanings. Similarly, disambiguating regions following the target words were also manipulated to favor either the dominant or subordinate meanings of ambiguous words. The results showed that there were similar eye movement patterns when Chinese participants read sentences containing homonymous and polysemous words. The study also found that participants took longer to read the target word and the disambiguating text following it when the prior context and disambiguating regions favored divergent meanings rather than the same meaning. These results suggested that homonymy and polysemy are represented similarly in the mental lexicon when a particular meaning (sense) is fully specified by disambiguating information. Furthermore, multiple meanings (senses) are represented as separate entries in the mental lexicon.
在当前的研究中，我们使用眼动追踪技术来探究汉语阅读中多义词的语义和同音异义词的含义在表征和加工上是相似还是不同。读者阅读包含目标词的句子，这些目标词要么是同音异义词，要么是多义词。对目标词之前的文本语境进行操控，以使参与者倾向于按照其主要、次要或中性意义来阅读这些歧义词。同样，对目标词之后的消除歧义区域也进行操控，以支持歧义词的主要或次要意义。结果表明，中国参与者阅读包含同音异义词和多义词的句子时，存在相似的眼动模式。该研究还发现，当前文语境和消除歧义区域支持不同意义而非相同意义时，参与者阅读目标词及其后的消除歧义文本所花费的时间更长。这些结果表明，当特定意义通过消除歧义信息得到充分明确时，同音异义现象和多义现象在心理词库中的表征方式相似。此外，多种意义在心理词库中被表征为独立的词条。
