Bailey-Davis Lisa, Poulsen Melissa N, Hirsch Annemarie G, Pollak Jonathan, Glass Thomas A, Schwartz Brian S
Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania; Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Global Obesity Prevention Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
J Adolesc Health. 2017 Mar;60(3):270-276. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.09.020. Epub 2016 Nov 23.
To investigate agreement and associations between parent and youth acknowledgment of home food rules, youth eating behaviors, and measures of body composition and excess weight.
Parent-youth dyads (N = 413) completed the "rules for eating at home" scale (Active Where Survey) and reported dietary intake. Trained research staff obtained anthropometric data. Linear regression analyses separately evaluated relationships between youth and parent acknowledgment of rules and youth-reported eating behaviors and anthropometric outcomes. Food rules were evaluated as a 12-item scale and individually.
Score on the food rule scale was positively associated with fruit and vegetable servings by youth acknowledgment only (β = .09, p = .006), and not with anthropometric outcomes. The rule "no desserts except fruit" was positively associated with fruit and vegetable servings by youth (β = .72, p = .002) and parent (β = .53, p = .03) acknowledgment. The rules "no second helpings at meals" and "limited fast food" were positively associated with body mass index z-score by youth (β = .38, p = .002; β = .32, p = .02, respectively) and parent (β = .74, p < .001; β = .41, p = .006, respectively) acknowledgment, with similar results for waist circumference z-score and percent body fat.
Inverse associations between specific food rules and healthful eating behaviors but positive associations with anthropometric outcomes suggest potentially bidirectional relationships between food rule implementation and youth weight. Future studies should disentangle how food rules guide youth behavior in the context of youth weight status.
探讨家长与青少年对家庭饮食规则的认知、青少年饮食行为以及身体成分和超重指标之间的一致性和关联性。
亲子二元组（N = 413）完成了“在家饮食规则”量表（主动式现场调查）并报告了饮食摄入量。经过培训的研究人员获取了人体测量数据。线性回归分析分别评估了青少年和家长对规则的认知与青少年报告的饮食行为及人体测量结果之间的关系。饮食规则被评估为一个包含12个条目的量表以及单独的条目。
饮食规则量表得分仅与青少年认可的水果和蔬菜摄入量呈正相关（β = 0.09，p = 0.006），与人体测量结果无关。“除水果外不吃甜点”这一规则与青少年（β = 0.72，p = 0.002）和家长（β = 0.53，p = 0.03）认可的水果和蔬菜摄入量呈正相关。“吃饭不许添饭”和“限制吃快餐”这两条规则与青少年（分别为β = 0.38，p = 0.002；β = 0.32，p = 0.02）和家长（分别为β = 0.74，p < 0.001；β = 0.41，p = 0.006）认可的体重指数z评分呈正相关，腰围z评分和体脂百分比也有类似结果。
特定饮食规则与健康饮食行为之间呈负相关，但与人体测量结果呈正相关，这表明饮食规则的实施与青少年体重之间可能存在双向关系。未来的研究应厘清饮食规则在青少年体重状况背景下如何指导青少年行为。
