Blevins Claire E, Stephens Robert, Abrantes Ana M
a Department of Psychology , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia , USA.
b Alpert Medical School of Brown University , Providence , Rhode Island , USA.
Subst Use Misuse. 2017 Apr 16;52(5):555-561. doi: 10.1080/10826084.2016.1245338. Epub 2016 Dec 23.
Prescription stimulant misuse is increasingly prevalent in college populations, with some misuse estimates over 40%. Stimulant use is associated with a variety of health and psychological problems. Motives for use may provide insight into problematic trajectories.
The purpose of the current study was to evaluate characteristics of users and motives for prescription stimulant misuse in a large southeastern university.
College students reported on prescription stimulant use, motives for use, consequences associated with use, perceptions of risk, and social norms. We specifically elicited participation from prescription stimulant misusers. Of the 199 participants, 86 reported misusing prescription stimulants in the past 60 days. We assessed motives for use, rates of substance use, risk perception, normative beliefs, and consequences associated with use. We evaluated differences between misusers and non-misusers, differentiate motives subscales, and identify relationships between motives subscales, rates of use, and consequences.
Misusers used more alcohol and other drugs, held different normative beliefs regarding stimulants, and had lower risk perceptions than non-misusers. We evaluated seven motives subscales among misusers: coping, social, enhancement, expansion, conformity, academic performance, and weight loss. Enhancement, social, weight loss, and expansion scales were correlated with negative consequences, while social motives were correlated with use. Results from regression analyses revealed positive associations between weight and expansion with negative consequences, and a negative association between conformity and consequences. Conclusions/Importance:Motives for prescription stimulant use and user characteristics may provide insight into prevention and treatment. Continued work is needed to refine item content and replicate findings.
在大学生群体中，处方兴奋剂滥用现象日益普遍，一些滥用率估计超过40%。兴奋剂的使用与多种健康和心理问题相关。使用动机可能有助于深入了解问题发展轨迹。
本研究的目的是评估一所大型东南部大学中处方兴奋剂滥用者的特征及滥用动机。
大学生报告了处方兴奋剂的使用情况、使用动机、使用相关后果、风险认知以及社会规范。我们特别邀请了处方兴奋剂滥用者参与。在199名参与者中，有86人报告在过去60天内滥用过处方兴奋剂。我们评估了使用动机、物质使用率、风险认知、规范信念以及使用相关后果。我们比较了滥用者与非滥用者之间的差异，区分了动机子量表，并确定了动机子量表、使用率和后果之间的关系。
与非滥用者相比，滥用者使用更多的酒精和其他药物，对兴奋剂持有不同的规范信念，且风险认知较低。我们在滥用者中评估了七个动机子量表：应对、社交、增强、拓展、从众、学业表现和减肥。增强、社交、减肥和拓展量表与负面后果相关，而社交动机与使用相关。回归分析结果显示，体重和拓展与负面后果呈正相关，从众与后果呈负相关。结论/重要性：处方兴奋剂的使用动机和使用者特征可能有助于预防和治疗。需要持续开展工作以完善项目内容并重复研究结果。
