Sherertz R J, Forman D M, Solomon D D
Department of Medicine, University of Florida School of Medicine, Gainesville 32610.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Aug;33(8):1174-8. doi: 10.1128/AAC.33.8.1174.
In a mouse model, dicloxacillin-coated polyurethane catheters or control (uncoated) catheters were placed subcutaneously and then Staphylococcus aureus was inoculated at the time of insertion, 24 or 48 h later. The in vivo half-life of the antibiotic was 11 to 16 h. When 10(5) CFU of S. aureus were inoculated at the time of catheter insertion, dicloxacillin-coated catheters kept the number of S. aureus removed from catheters by sonication below 10(2) CFU at 12, 24, 48, and 96 h after inoculation compared with titers greater than 10(3.5) CFU for control catheters (P less than 0.05). When S. aureus was inoculated 24 h after catheter insertion, control catheters averaged greater than 10(2) CFU of S. aureus removed compared with less than 10(1.5) CFU for the dicloxacillin-coated catheters (P less than 0.05). No difference was found between coated and control catheters when S. aureus was inoculated 48 h after catheter insertion, but S. aureus titers averaged less than 10(2) CFU for all experimental groups. Our data suggest that in mice, regional prophylaxis of S. aureus subcutaneous space infection is feasible with catheters coated with dicloxacillin and that the presence of antibiotic is only necessary for the first 24 to 48 h.
在小鼠模型中，将双氯西林包被的聚氨酯导管或对照（未包被）导管皮下植入，然后在植入时、24小时或48小时后接种金黄色葡萄球菌。抗生素的体内半衰期为11至16小时。当在导管植入时接种10⁵CFU的金黄色葡萄球菌时，与对照导管在接种后12、24、48和96小时超声处理后从导管中清除的金黄色葡萄球菌数量大于10³.⁵CFU相比，双氯西林包被的导管将该数量保持在10²CFU以下（P<0.05）。当在导管植入24小时后接种金黄色葡萄球菌时，对照导管平均清除的金黄色葡萄球菌大于10²CFU，而双氯西林包被的导管则小于10¹.⁵CFU（P<0.05）。当在导管植入48小时后接种金黄色葡萄球菌时，包被导管和对照导管之间未发现差异，但所有实验组的金黄色葡萄球菌滴度平均小于10²CFU。我们的数据表明，在小鼠中，用双氯西林包被的导管对金黄色葡萄球菌皮下间隙感染进行局部预防是可行的，并且抗生素仅在前24至48小时是必需的。
