Jin Jianjun, Wang Wenyu, He Rui, Gong Haozhou
College of Resources Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2016 Dec 30;14(1):29. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14010029.
The unsafe use and misuse of pesticides in China are major threats to farmers' health and the environment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate small-scale farmers' practices with regard to pesticide use and identify the determinants of their behavior in Anqiu County, China. The results show that the frequency of pesticide application by local farmers is high and that the improper disposal of pesticides after use is common in the study area. Although most farmers felt that they were at some degree of risk when using pesticides, farmers were found to overuse pesticides in the study area. The probability of pesticide overuse significantly decreased with farmers' risk perceptions, willingness to reduce pesticide use, better social relationships, and strict government monitoring. The perception of risk can thus be an important element in education and communication efforts.
在中国，农药的不安全使用和滥用对农民健康和环境构成重大威胁。本研究旨在评估中国安丘县小农户的农药使用行为，并确定其行为的决定因素。结果表明，当地农民施用农药的频率很高，且研究区域内农药使用后不当处置的情况很常见。尽管大多数农民认为他们在使用农药时存在一定程度的风险，但研究发现该地区农民仍过度使用农药。农民对风险的认知、减少农药使用的意愿、良好的社会关系以及政府的严格监管，均能显著降低农药过度使用的可能性。因此，风险认知可以成为教育和宣传工作中的一个重要因素。
