Charradi Kamel, Mahmoudi Mohamed, Bedhiafi Takwa, Kadri Safwen, Elkahoui Salem, Limam Ferid, Aouani Ezzedine
Laboratory of Bioactives Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam Lif, Tunisia; University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia.
Laboratory of Bioactives Substances, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, 2050 Hammam Lif, Tunisia; University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Mar;87:519-526. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.015. Epub 2017 Jan 8.
It is unknown whether gender has an impact on brain injury in obesity, and, if so, whether treatment with grape seed and skin flour could exert a protective effect. Both male and female rats were fed a standard diet (SD) or a high fat diet (HFD) during eight weeks and treated with high dosage grape seed and skin flour (GSSF). Fat-induced oxidative stress was evaluated into the brain with a special emphasis on transition metals determination. HFD induced male-cholesterol overload (+78.12%) and an oxidative stress status characterized by increased lipoperoxidation (+68.97%), carbonylation (+40.28%), decreased antioxidant enzyme activities as glutathione peroxidase (-61.07%) and manganese-superoxide dismutase (-35.47%) but not catalase. Additionally HFD depleted the brain from manganese (-71.31%) and dropped glutamine synthetase activity (-36.16%), without affecting copper nor iron nor their associated enzymes. HFD also altered intracellular mediators as superoxide anion (+36.12%), calcium (+44.41%) and also calpain (+76.54%) a calcium dependent protease. Importantly all these alterations were detected exclusively in male brain and were efficiently corrected upon GSSF treatment. In conclusion, GSSF has the potential to alleviate the deleterious lipotoxic effect of HFD treatment that occurred in male brain and perhaps in post-menauposal female brain.
肥胖症中性别是否会对脑损伤产生影响尚不清楚，若有影响，葡萄籽和葡萄皮粉治疗是否能发挥保护作用也不清楚。雄性和雌性大鼠均在八周内喂食标准饮食（SD）或高脂饮食（HFD），并接受高剂量葡萄籽和葡萄皮粉（GSSF）治疗。通过特别关注过渡金属的测定来评估脂肪诱导的脑内氧化应激。HFD导致雄性胆固醇过载（+78.12%）以及氧化应激状态，其特征为脂质过氧化增加（+68.97%）、羰基化增加（+40.28%）、抗氧化酶活性降低，如谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（-61.07%）和锰超氧化物歧化酶（-35.47%），但过氧化氢酶未受影响。此外，HFD使脑内锰含量减少（-71.31%），谷氨酰胺合成酶活性下降（-36.16%），而不影响铜、铁及其相关酶。HFD还改变了细胞内介质，如超氧阴离子（+36.12%）、钙（+44.41%）以及钙依赖性蛋白酶钙蛋白酶（+76.54%）。重要的是，所有这些改变仅在雄性脑中被检测到，并且在GSSF治疗后得到有效纠正。总之，GSSF有潜力减轻HFD治疗在雄性脑以及可能在绝经后雌性脑中产生的有害脂毒性作用。
