Johnson E A, Villa T G, Lewis M J, Phaff H J
Appl Environ Microbiol. 1978 Jun;35(6):1155-9. doi: 10.1128/aem.35.6.1155-1159.1978.
A method is described for the quantitative and, possibly, large-scale extraction of astaxanthin from the yeast Phaffia rhodozyma. The method utilizes extracellular enzymes produced by the bacterium Bacillus circulans WL-12, which partially digests the yeast cell wall and renders the carotenoid pigments extractable by acetone or ethanol. Complete recovery of astaxanthin from heat-killed P. rhodozyma cells was obtained after growing B. circulans WL-12 on these yeast cells for 26 h and then extracting the yeast-bacterium mixture with acetone. A bacteria-free lytic system, which gave quantitative extraction of astaxanthin from P. rhodozyma, was obtained by concentrating the culture broth from the growth of B. circulans WL-12 on P. rhodozyma cells. Hydrolytic enzyme activities detected in this concentrate included beta-(1 leads to 3)-glucanase, beta-(1 leads to 6)-glucanase, alpha-(1 leads to 3)-glucanase, xylanase, and chitinase. The lytic system was found to work most efficiently at pH 6.5 and with low concentrations of yeast.
描述了一种从红发夫酵母中定量且可能大规模提取虾青素的方法。该方法利用环状芽孢杆菌WL-12产生的胞外酶，其可部分消化酵母细胞壁，使类胡萝卜素色素可被丙酮或乙醇提取。在这些酵母细胞上培养环状芽孢杆菌WL-12 26小时，然后用丙酮提取酵母-细菌混合物后，可从热灭活的红发夫酵母细胞中完全回收虾青素。通过浓缩环状芽孢杆菌WL-12在红发夫酵母细胞上生长的培养液，获得了一种无细菌的裂解系统，该系统可从红发夫酵母中定量提取虾青素。在该浓缩物中检测到的水解酶活性包括β-(1→3)-葡聚糖酶、β-(1→6)-葡聚糖酶、α-(1→3)-葡聚糖酶、木聚糖酶和几丁质酶。发现该裂解系统在pH 6.5和低浓度酵母条件下工作效率最高。
