Ilyas Humaira, Datta Aritreyee, Bhunia Anirban
Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P-1/12 CIT Scheme VII (M), Kolkata 700 054. India.
Curr Med Chem. 2017;24(13):1350-1364. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170116124558.
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also known as host defense peptides (HDPs), are ubiquitous and vital components of innate defense response that present themselves as potential candidates for drug design, and aim to control plant and animal diseases. Though their application for plant disease management has long been studied with natural AMPs, cytotoxicity and stability related shortcomings for the development of transgenic plants limit their usage. Newer technologies like molecular modelling, NMR spectroscopy and combinatorial chemistry allow screening for potent candidates and provide new avenues for the generation of rationally designed synthetic AMPs with multiple biological functions. Such AMPs can be used for the control of plant diseases that lead to huge yield losses of agriculturally important crop plants, via generation of transgenic plants. Such approaches have gained significant attention in the past decade as a consequence of increasing antibiotic resistance amongst plant pathogens, and the shortcomings of existing strategies that include environmental contamination and human/animal health hazards amongst others. This review summarizes the recent trends and approaches used for employing AMPs, emphasizing on designed/modified ones, and their applications toward agriculture and food technology.
抗菌肽（AMPs），也被称为宿主防御肽（HDPs），是先天防御反应中普遍存在且至关重要的组成部分，它们是药物设计的潜在候选物，旨在控制动植物疾病。尽管长期以来人们一直在研究利用天然抗菌肽进行植物病害管理，但转基因植物开发中与细胞毒性和稳定性相关的缺点限制了它们的应用。分子建模、核磁共振光谱和组合化学等新技术能够筛选出有效的候选物，并为生成具有多种生物学功能的合理设计的合成抗菌肽提供新途径。通过培育转基因植物，这类抗菌肽可用于防治导致重要农作物产量大幅损失的植物病害。由于植物病原体中抗生素耐药性不断增加，以及包括环境污染和对人类/动物健康危害等现有策略的缺点，在过去十年中，此类方法受到了广泛关注。本综述总结了使用抗菌肽的最新趋势和方法，重点介绍了设计/修饰的抗菌肽及其在农业和食品技术中的应用。
