Wedley Amy L, Dawson Susan, Maddox Thomas W, Coyne Karen P, Pinchbeck Gina L, Clegg Peter, Nuttall Tim, Kirchner Miranda, Williams Nicola J
Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Institute of Infection and Global Health, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, CH64 7TE, UK.
School of Veterinary Science, Leahurst Campus, University of Liverpool, CH64 7TE, UK.
Vet Microbiol. 2017 Feb;199:23-30. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.11.017. Epub 2016 Nov 23.
Resistance to antimicrobials, in particular that mediated by extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamases are frequently reported in bacteria causing canine disease as well as in commensal bacteria, which could be a potential health risk for humans they come into contact with. This cross-sectional study aimed to estimate the prevalence and investigate the molecular characteristics of ESBL and plasmid encoded AmpC (pAmpC)-producing E. coli in the mainland UK vet-visiting canine population and, using responses from detailed questionnaires identify factors associated with their carriage. Faecal samples were cultured for antimicrobial resistant (AMR), ESBL and pAmpC-producing E. coli. A subset of ESBL and pAmpC-producing isolates were subjected to multi-locus sequence typing and DNA microarray analyses. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to construct models to identify risk factors associated with multidrug resistant (MDR, resistance to three or more antimicrobial classes), fluoroquinolone resistant, ESBL and AmpC-producing E. coli. AMR E.coli were isolated from 44.8% (n=260) of samples, with 1.9% and 7.1% of samples carrying ESBL and pAmpC-producing E. coli, respectively. MDR E. coli were identified in 18.3% of samples. Recent use of antimicrobials and being fed raw poultry were both identified as risk factors in the outcomes investigated. A number of virulence and resistance genes were identified, including genes associated with extra-intestinal and enteropathogenic E. coli genotypes. Considering the close contact that people have with dogs, the high levels of AMR E. coli in canine faeces may be a potential reservoir of AMR bacteria or resistance determinants.
在引起犬类疾病的细菌以及共生细菌中，对抗菌药物的耐药性，尤其是由超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）和AmpCβ-内酰胺酶介导的耐药性经常被报道，这可能会对与其接触的人类构成潜在健康风险。这项横断面研究旨在估计英国大陆兽医问诊犬类群体中产生ESBL和质粒编码AmpC（pAmpC）的大肠杆菌的流行率，并调查其分子特征，同时通过详细问卷的回复确定与其携带相关的因素。对粪便样本进行培养，以检测对抗菌药物耐药（AMR）、产生ESBL和pAmpC的大肠杆菌。对一部分产生ESBL和pAmpC的分离株进行多位点序列分型和DNA微阵列分析。使用多变量逻辑回归分析构建模型，以确定与多重耐药（MDR，对三种或更多抗菌药物类别耐药）、耐氟喹诺酮、产生ESBL和AmpC的大肠杆菌相关的风险因素。从44.8%（n = 260）的样本中分离出AMR大肠杆菌，分别有1.9%和7.1%的样本携带产生ESBL和pAmpC的大肠杆菌。在18.3%的样本中鉴定出MDR大肠杆菌。近期使用抗菌药物和喂食生禽均被确定为所调查结果中的风险因素。鉴定出了许多毒力和耐药基因，包括与肠外致病性大肠杆菌和肠道致病性大肠杆菌基因型相关的基因。考虑到人与狗的密切接触，犬类粪便中高水平的AMR大肠杆菌可能是AMR细菌或耐药决定因素的潜在储存库。
