Boag Simon
Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney NSW, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2017 Jan 6;7:2001. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.02001. eCollection 2016.
The merits of Freudian dream theory continue to be debated and both supporters and critics appeal to empirical evidence to support their respective positions. What receives much less attention is the theoretical coherency of either Freudian dream theory or alternative perspectives. This paper examines Freudian dream theory and J. Allan Hobson's alternative position by addressing the role of motivation in dreams. This paper first discusses motivation in Freudian theory and its relation to dreams and disguise-censorship. The role of motivation in Hobson's theory is then considered. Hobson's claim that dream plot and content selection is random and based on design error and functional imbalance is then discussed in relation to the protoconsciousness theory proposal that dreams serve an adaptive function. While there are apparent inconsistencies in Hobson's position, his appeal to emotions and instincts provides a preliminary platform for understanding the role of motivation in dreams that is consonant with the Freudian position.
弗洛伊德梦理论的优点仍在争论中，支持者和批评者都诉诸实证证据来支持各自的立场。而弗洛伊德梦理论或其他观点的理论连贯性却很少受到关注。本文通过探讨动机在梦中的作用，审视了弗洛伊德梦理论和J. 艾伦·霍布森的不同观点。本文首先讨论了弗洛伊德理论中的动机及其与梦和伪装审查的关系。接着考虑了动机在霍布森理论中的作用。然后结合梦具有适应性功能的原意识理论观点，讨论了霍布森关于梦的情节和内容选择是随机的、基于设计错误和功能失衡的观点。虽然霍布森的观点存在明显矛盾之处，但他对情感和本能的探讨为理解动机在梦中的作用提供了一个初步平台，这与弗洛伊德的观点是一致的。
