Ali Shahzad, Akhter Shamim, Neubauer Heinrich, Melzer Falk, Khan Iahtasham, Abatih Emmanuel Nji, El-Adawy Hosny, Irfan Muhammad, Muhammad Ali, Akbar Muhammad Waqas, Umar Sajid, Ali Qurban, Iqbal Muhammad Naeem, Mahmood Abid, Ahmed Haroon
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
Department of Wildlife and Ecology (Zoological Division), University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.
BMC Res Notes. 2017 Jan 28;10(1):73. doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-2394-2.
The seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine brucellosis were studied at animal and herd level using a combination of culture, serological and molecular methods. The study was conducted in 253 randomly selected cattle herds of the Potohar plateau, Pakistan from which a total of 2709 serum (1462 cattle and 1247 buffaloes) and 2330 milk (1168 cattle and 1162 buffaloes) samples were collected. Data on risk factors associated with seroprevalence of brucellosis were collected through interviews using questionnaires. Univariable and multivariable random effects logistic regression models were used for identifying important risk factors at animal and herd levels.
One hundred and seventy (6.3%) samples and 47 (18.6%) herds were seropositive for brucellosis by Rose Bengal Plate test. Variations in seroprevalence were observed across the different sampling sites. At animal level, sex, species and stock replacement were found to be potential risk factors for brucellosis. At herd level, herd size (≥9 animals) and insemination method used were important risk factors. The presence of Brucella DNA was confirmed with a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay (qRT-PCR) in 52.4% out of 170 serological positive samples. In total, 156 (6.7%) milk samples were positive by milk ring test. B. abortus biovar 1 was cultured from 5 positive milk samples.
This study shows that the seroprevalence of bovine brucellosis is high in some regions in Pakistan. Prevalence was associated with herd size, abortion history, insemination methods used, age, sex and stock replacement methods. The infected animal may act as source of infection for other animals and for humans. The development of control strategies for bovine brucellosis through implementation of continuous surveillance and education programs in Pakistan is warranted.
采用培养、血清学和分子方法相结合的方式，在动物和畜群层面研究了牛布鲁氏菌病的血清流行率及危险因素。该研究在巴基斯坦波托哈尔高原随机选取的253个牛群中进行，共采集了2709份血清样本（1462头牛和1247头水牛）以及2330份牛奶样本（1168头牛和1162头水牛）。通过问卷调查访谈收集了与布鲁氏菌病血清流行率相关的危险因素数据。采用单变量和多变量随机效应逻辑回归模型来确定动物和畜群层面的重要危险因素。
通过玫瑰红平板试验，170份样本（6.3%）和47个畜群（18.6%）布鲁氏菌病血清学检测呈阳性。不同采样地点的血清流行率存在差异。在动物层面，性别、物种和牲畜更换被发现是布鲁氏菌病的潜在危险因素。在畜群层面，畜群规模（≥9头动物）和所采用的授精方法是重要危险因素。在170份血清学阳性样本中，52.4%通过实时聚合酶链反应检测（qRT-PCR）确认存在布鲁氏菌DNA。总共156份（6.7%）牛奶样本通过乳环试验呈阳性。从5份阳性牛奶样本中培养出流产布鲁氏菌生物变种1。
本研究表明，巴基斯坦部分地区牛布鲁氏菌病的血清流行率较高。流行率与畜群规模、流产史、所采用的授精方法、年龄、性别和牲畜更换方法有关。受感染的动物可能成为其他动物和人类的传染源。有必要通过在巴基斯坦实施持续监测和教育项目来制定牛布鲁氏菌病的控制策略。
