Sterkowicz-Przybycień Katarzyna, Fukuda David H
Department of Gymnastics & Dance, Institute of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University School of Physical Education, Cracow, Poland.
Institute of Exercise Physiology & Wellness, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL.
J Hum Kinet. 2016 Jul 2;51:113-120. doi: 10.1515/hukin-2015-0175. eCollection 2016 Jun 1.
Judo requires endurance capacity to recover from its high-intensity intermittent actions. This systematic review aimed to evaluate VO2max and the anaerobic threshold in competitive male and female judo athletes. Twelve eligible studies were chosen for quantitative meta-analysis, including results for 188 male and 159 female athletes. Combined values were calculated and compared by gender prior to and following altered combat regulations in 2003. No significant differences in VO2max were noted following the rule changes, but female athletes' values increased to a level comparable to those reported in male athletes prior to the alterations. VO2max in male judo athletes was higher (54.8±1.9 ml·kg·min) than in female athletes (48.7±2.2 ml·kg·min). The effect size of gender was large (d = 1.30) for VO2max and negligible for the anaerobic threshold. Sexual dimorphism exists in VO2max of judo athletes and changes in combat duration did not affect these differences.
柔道需要具备耐力，以便从其高强度的间歇性动作中恢复过来。本系统评价旨在评估男女竞技柔道运动员的最大摄氧量（VO2max）和无氧阈。选取了12项符合条件的研究进行定量荟萃分析，其中包括188名男性和159名女性运动员的结果。计算并比较了2003年比赛规则改变前后按性别划分的综合数值。规则改变后，未发现最大摄氧量有显著差异，但女性运动员的数值增加到了与规则改变前男性运动员报告的数值相当的水平。男性柔道运动员的最大摄氧量（54.8±1.9毫升·千克·分钟）高于女性运动员（48.7±2.2毫升·千克·分钟）。最大摄氧量的性别效应量较大（d = 1.30），而无氧阈的性别效应量可忽略不计。柔道运动员的最大摄氧量存在性别二态性，比赛时长的变化并未影响这些差异。
