Alizadeh A, Zare M, Darparesh M, Mohseni S, Soleimani-Ahmadi M
Department of Public Health Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
J Med Life. 2015;8(Spec Iss 2):77-82.
Road traffic accidents including intercity car traffic accidents (ICTAs) are among the most important causes of morbidity and mortality due to the growing number of vehicles, risky behaviors, and changes in lifestyle of the general population. A sound knowledge of the geographical distribution of car traffic accidents can be considered as an approach towards the accident causation and it can be used as an administrative tool in allocating the sources for traffic accidents prevention. This study was conducted to investigate the geographical distribution and the time trend of fatal intercity car traffic accidents in Iran. To conduct this descriptive study, all Iranian intercity road traffic mortality data were obtained from the Police reports in the Statistical Yearbook of the Governor's Budget and Planning. The obtained data were for 17 complete Iranian calendar years from March 1997 to March 2012. The incidence rate (IR) of fatal ICTAs for each year was calculated as the total number of fatal ICTAs in every 100000 population in specified time intervals. Figures and maps indicating the trends and geographical distribution of fatal ICTAs were prepared while using Microsoft Excel and ArcGis9.2 software. The number of fatal car accidents showed a general increasing trend from 3000 in 1996 to 13500 in 2012. The incidence of fatal intercity car accidents has changed from six in 100000 population in 1996 to 18 in 100000 population in 2012. GIS based data showed that the incidence rate of ICTAs in different provinces of Iran was very divergent. The highest incidence of fatal ICTAs was in Semnan province (IR= 35.2), followed by North Khorasan (IR=22.7), and South Khorasan (IR=22). The least incidence of fatal ICTAs was in Tehran province (IR=2.4) followed by Khozestan (IR=6.5), and Eastern Azarbayejan (IR=6.6). The compensation cost of fatal ICTAs also showed an increasing trend during the studied period. Since an increasing amount of money was being paid yearly for the car accidents, which were in their nature preventable, the key players in road safety including governments, car manufacturers, and road developers were recommended to use GIS based accident data for a more efficient planning and budgeting towards the intercity car accidents reduction.
包括城际汽车交通事故（ICTA）在内的道路交通事故，是发病率和死亡率的重要原因之一，这是由于车辆数量不断增加、危险行为以及普通民众生活方式的改变所致。对汽车交通事故地理分布的充分了解，可被视为一种探究事故成因的方法，并且它可用作分配交通事故预防资源的行政工具。本研究旨在调查伊朗致命城际汽车交通事故的地理分布和时间趋势。为开展这项描述性研究，所有伊朗城际道路交通死亡率数据均取自省长预算与规划统计年鉴中的警方报告。所获取的数据涵盖了从1997年3月至2012年3月的17个完整伊朗日历年。每年致命ICTA的发病率（IR）计算为特定时间间隔内每10万人口中致命ICTA的总数。使用Microsoft Excel和ArcGis9.2软件绘制了表明致命ICTA趋势和地理分布的图表及地图。致命汽车事故的数量呈现出总体上升趋势，从1996年的3000起增至2012年的13500起。致命城际汽车事故的发病率已从1996年每10万人口中的6起，变为2012年每10万人口中的18起。基于地理信息系统（GIS）的数据显示，伊朗不同省份的ICTA发病率差异很大。致命ICTA发病率最高的是塞姆南省（IR = 35.2），其次是北呼罗珊省（IR = 22.7）和南呼罗珊省（IR = 22）。致命ICTA发病率最低的是德黑兰省（IR = 2.4），其次是胡齐斯坦省（IR = 6.5）和东阿塞拜疆省（IR = 6.6）。在研究期间，致命ICTA的赔偿成本也呈上升趋势。鉴于每年因本质上可预防的汽车事故支付的金额不断增加，建议包括政府、汽车制造商和道路开发商在内的道路安全关键参与者，使用基于GIS的事故数据，以便更有效地规划和预算，以减少城际汽车事故。
