Travassos Luiz R, Taborda Carlos P
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Federal University of São Paulo , São Paulo , Brazil.
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Medical Mycology IMTSP/LIM53/HCFMUSP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Front Immunol. 2017 Mar 10;8:224. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00224. eCollection 2017.
Dimorphic fungi are agents of systemic mycoses associated with significant morbidity and frequent lethality in the Americas. Among the pathogenic species are and , which predominate in South America; , and , and the spp. complex are other important pathogens. Associated with dimorphic fungi other important infections are caused by yeast such as spp. and spp. or mold such as spp., which are also fungal agents of deadly infections. Nowadays, the actual tendency of therapy is the development of a pan-fungal vaccine. This is, however, not easy because of the complexity of eukaryotic cells and the particularities of different species and isolates. Albeit there are several experimental vaccines being studied, we will focus mainly on peptide vaccines or epitopes of T-cell receptors inducing protective fungal responses. These peptides can be carried by antibody inducing β-(1,3)-glucan oligo or polysaccharides, or be mixed with them for administration. The present review discusses the efficacy of linear peptide epitopes in the context of antifungal immunization and vaccine proposition.
双相真菌是美洲地区引起全身真菌病的病原体，常导致严重发病和高致死率。致病菌种包括在南美洲占主导地位的 和 ，以及 、 和 菌属复合体等其他重要病原体。与双相真菌相关的其他重要感染由酵母（如 菌属和 菌属）或霉菌（如 菌属）引起，它们也是致命感染的真菌病原体。如今，治疗的实际趋势是开发一种泛真菌疫苗。然而，由于真核细胞的复杂性以及不同物种和分离株的特殊性，这并非易事。尽管有几种实验性疫苗正在研究中，但我们将主要关注诱导保护性真菌反应的肽疫苗或T细胞受体表位。这些肽可以由诱导β-(1,3)-葡聚糖寡糖或多糖的抗体携带，或者与之混合用于给药。本综述讨论了线性肽表位在抗真菌免疫和疫苗提出方面的功效。
