Thibodeau Alexandre, Letellier Ann, Yergeau Étienne, Larrivière-Gauthier Guillaume, Fravalo Philippe
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal - NSERC Industrial Research Chair in Meat Safety, Saint-Hyacinthe QC, Canada.
INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier Research Centre, Université du Québec, Laval QC, Canada.
Front Microbiol. 2017 Mar 17;8:451. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00451. eCollection 2017.
Faced with ever-increasing demand, the industrial production of food animals is under pressure to increase its production. In order to keep productivity, quality, and safety standards up while reducing the use of antibiotics, farmers are seeking new feed additives. In chicken production, one of these additives is selenium. This element is expected to confer some advantages in terms of animal health and productivity, but its impact on chicken intestinal microbiota as well as on the carriage of foodborne pathogens is unknown. In this study, chickens raised in a level 2 animal facility were fed or not 0.3 ppm of in-feed selenium-yeast until 35 days of age and were inoculated or not with the foodborne pathogen at the age of 14 days. At the end of the study, body weight, seric IgY, intestinal IgA, seric gluthatione peroxydase activity, the caecal microbiota (analyzed by MiSeq 16S rRNA gene sequencing), and caecal levels were analyzed. The experiment was completely replicated twice, with two independent batches of chickens. This study revealed that, for healthy chickens raised in very good hygienic conditions, selenium-yeast does not influence the bird's body weight and lowers their seric gluthatione peroxidase activity as well as their intestinal IgA concentrations. Furthermore, selenium-yeast did not modify the caecal microbiota or the colonization of . The results also showed that colonization does not impact any of the measured chicken health parameters and only slightly impacts the caecal microbiota. This study also clearly illustrated the need for true biological replication (independent animal trials) when assessing the microbiota shifts associated with treatments as the chickens microbiotas clearly clustered according to study replicate.
面对不断增长的需求，食用动物的工业化生产面临着提高产量的压力。为了在减少抗生素使用的同时保持生产力、质量和安全标准，养殖户正在寻找新的饲料添加剂。在鸡肉生产中，其中一种添加剂是硒。预计这种元素在动物健康和生产力方面会带来一些优势，但其对鸡肠道微生物群以及食源性病原体携带情况的影响尚不清楚。在本研究中，在二级动物设施中饲养的鸡在35日龄前喂食或不喂食0.3 ppm的饲料硒酵母，并在14日龄时接种或不接种食源性病原体。在研究结束时，分析了体重、血清IgY、肠道IgA、血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性、盲肠微生物群（通过MiSeq 16S rRNA基因测序分析）和盲肠水平。该实验完全重复了两次，使用了两批独立的鸡。这项研究表明，对于在非常良好的卫生条件下饲养的健康鸡，硒酵母不会影响鸡的体重，会降低其血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性以及肠道IgA浓度。此外，硒酵母不会改变盲肠微生物群或[病原体名称]的定植情况。结果还表明，[病原体名称]定植不会影响所测量的任何鸡健康参数，只会对盲肠微生物群产生轻微影响。这项研究还清楚地表明，在评估与处理相关的微生物群变化时，需要进行真正的生物学重复（独立的动物试验），因为鸡的微生物群明显根据研究重复情况聚类。
