Fazekas Peter, Overgaard Morten
Philosophy & Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Aarhus University.
Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, Danish Neuroscience Center, Aarhus University Hospital.
Cogn Sci. 2017 Apr 10. doi: 10.1111/cogs.12478.
In this paper we argue that awareness comes in degrees, and we propose a novel multi-factor account that spans both subjective experiences and perceptual representations. At the subjective level, we argue that conscious experiences can be degraded by being fragmented, less salient, too generic, or flash-like. At the representational level, we identify corresponding features of perceptual representations-their availability for working memory, intensity, precision, and stability-and argue that the mechanisms that affect these features are what ultimately modulate the degree of awareness. We conclude the paper by demonstrating why the original interpretations of certain empirical findings that apparently pose problems for our account are, in fact, flawed.
在本文中,我们认为意识存在程度之分,并提出了一种新颖的多因素解释,该解释涵盖了主观体验和感知表征。在主观层面,我们认为有意识的体验可能会因碎片化、不那么突出、过于一般化或一闪而过而退化。在表征层面,我们识别出感知表征的相应特征——它们在工作记忆中的可用性、强度、精度和稳定性——并认为影响这些特征的机制最终调节了意识的程度。我们通过论证某些实证研究结果的原始解释为何实际上存在缺陷来结束本文,这些原始解释显然给我们的解释带来了问题。