Gorelick Jonathan, Yarmolinsky Ludmila, Budovsky Arie, Khalfin Boris, Klein Joshua D, Pinchasov Yosi, Bushuev Maxim A, Rudchenko Tatiana, Ben-Shabat Shimon
Eastern Regional Research and Development Center, Judea Center, Kiryat Arba 90100, Israel.
Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84990, Israel.
Nutrients. 2017 May 10;9(5):482. doi: 10.3390/nu9050482.
Nutrition, especially wheat consumption, is a major factor involved in the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other autoimmune diseases such as celiac. While modern wheat cultivars possess similar gliadin proteins associated with the onset of celiac disease and T1D, alternative dietary wheat sources from Israeli landraces and native ancestral species may be lacking the epitopes linked with T1D, potentially reducing the incidence of T1D. The Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) mouse model was used to monitor the effects of dietary wheat sources on the onset and development of T1D. The effects of modern wheat flour were compared with those from either , spp. , or spp. landraces or a non-wheat diet. Animals which received wheat from local landraces or ancestral species such as emmer displayed a lower incidence of T1D and related complications compared to animals fed a modern wheat variety. This study is the first report of the diabetogenic properties of various dietary wheat sources and suggests that alternative dietary wheat sources may lack T1D linked epitopes, thus reducing the incidence of T1D.
营养，尤其是小麦的摄入，是1型糖尿病（T1D）及其他自身免疫性疾病（如乳糜泻）发病的一个主要因素。虽然现代小麦品种含有与乳糜泻和T1D发病相关的类似麦醇溶蛋白，但来自以色列地方品种和本地原始物种的替代性膳食小麦来源可能缺乏与T1D相关的表位，这有可能降低T1D的发病率。非肥胖糖尿病（NOD）小鼠模型被用于监测膳食小麦来源对T1D发病和发展的影响。将现代小麦粉的影响与来自 、 物种、 物种地方品种或非小麦饮食的影响进行了比较。与喂食现代小麦品种的动物相比，食用来自地方品种或原始物种（如二粒小麦）的小麦的动物T1D及相关并发症的发病率较低。本研究是关于各种膳食小麦来源致糖尿病特性的首次报告，表明替代性膳食小麦来源可能缺乏与T1D相关的表位，从而降低T1D的发病率。
