State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, China Pharmaceutical University, #24 Tong Jia Xiang Street, Nanjing, 210009, People's Republic of China.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2018 Jan;38(1):53-71. doi: 10.1007/s10571-017-0504-2. Epub 2017 May 22.
Microglia, of myeloid origin, play fundamental roles in the control of immune responses and the maintenance of central nervous system homeostasis. These cells, just like peripheral macrophages, may be activated into M1 pro-inflammatory or M2 anti-inflammatory phenotypes by appropriate stimuli. Microglia do not respond in isolation, but form part of complex networks of cells influencing each other. This review addresses the complex interaction of microglia with each cell type in the brain: neurons, astrocytes, cerebrovascular endothelial cells, and oligodendrocytes. We also highlight the participation of microglia in the maintenance of homeostasis in the brain, and their roles in the development and progression of age-related neurodegenerative disorders.
小胶质细胞，起源于骨髓，在控制免疫反应和维持中枢神经系统内环境稳定方面发挥着重要作用。这些细胞，就像外周巨噬细胞一样，可以通过适当的刺激被激活为 M1 促炎或 M2 抗炎表型。小胶质细胞不是孤立地反应，而是形成影响彼此的细胞复杂网络的一部分。这篇综述探讨了小胶质细胞与大脑中每种细胞类型的复杂相互作用：神经元、星形胶质细胞、脑血管内皮细胞和少突胶质细胞。我们还强调了小胶质细胞在维持大脑内环境稳定方面的参与，以及它们在与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病的发展和进展中的作用。
