Bijnens Esmée M, Nawrot Tim S, Loos Ruth Jf, Gielen Marij, Vlietinck Robert, Derom Catherine, Zeegers Maurice P
Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
Department of Complex Genetics, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Environ Health. 2017 Jun 5;16(1):53. doi: 10.1186/s12940-017-0266-9.
Previous research shows that, besides risk factors in adult life, the early-life environment can influence blood pressure and hypertension in adults. However, the effects of residential traffic exposure and residential greenness in the early-life on blood pressure in young adulthood are currently unknown.
Ambulatory (24-h) blood pressures of 278 twins (132 pairs) of the East Flanders Prospective Twins Study were obtained at the age of 18 to 25 years. Prenatal and adulthood residential addresses were geocoded and used to assign prenatal and postnatal traffic and greenness indicators. Mixed modelling was performed to investigate blood pressure in association with greenness while adjusting for potential confounding factors.
Night-time systolic blood pressure was inversely associated with greenness at the residential address in twins living at the same address their entire life (non-movers, n = 97, 34.9%). An interquartile increase in residential greenness exposure (1000 m radius) was associated with a 3.59 mmHg (95% CI: -6.0 to -1.23; p = 0.005) lower adult night systolic blood pressure. Among twins who were living at a different address than their birth address at time of the measurement (n = 181, 65.1%), night-time blood pressure was inversely associated with residential surrounding greenness at adult age as well as with residential greenness in early-life. However after additional adjustment for residential greenness exposure in adulthood, only residential greenness exposure in early-life was significantly associated with night systolic blood pressure. While no significant effect of adult residential greenness with adult blood pressure was observed, while accounting for the early-life greenness exposure.
Lower residential greenness in the early-life environment was independently associated with a higher adult blood pressure. This indicates that residential greenness has persistent effects on blood pressure.
先前的研究表明，除了成年期的风险因素外，早年环境也会影响成年人的血压和高血压。然而，早年居住环境中的交通暴露和绿化程度对青年期血压的影响目前尚不清楚。
从东佛兰德前瞻性双胞胎研究中选取了278对双胞胎（132对），在他们18至25岁时测量其动态（24小时）血压。对产前和成年期的居住地址进行地理编码，并用于确定产前和产后的交通和绿化指标。进行混合模型分析，在调整潜在混杂因素的同时，研究血压与绿化程度之间的关系。
对于一生都居住在同一地址的双胞胎（非迁移者，n = 97，34.9%），夜间收缩压与居住地址的绿化程度呈负相关。居住绿化暴露（半径1000米）每增加一个四分位数间距，成年夜间收缩压就会降低3.59 mmHg（95%可信区间：-6.0至-1.23；p = 0.005）。在测量时居住地址与出生地址不同的双胞胎中（n = 181，65.1%），夜间血压与成年期居住周边绿化程度以及早年居住绿化程度均呈负相关。然而，在进一步调整成年期居住绿化暴露后，只有早年居住绿化暴露与夜间收缩压显著相关。在考虑早年绿化暴露的情况下，未观察到成年居住绿化对成年血压有显著影响。
早年环境中较低的居住绿化程度与较高的成年血压独立相关。这表明居住绿化对血压有持续影响。
