Zhou Jiaxing, Ma Chaoying, Zhen Shoumin, Cao Min, Zeller Friedich J, Hsam Sai L K, Yan Yueming
College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China.
Division of Plant Breeding and Applied Genetics, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
Bot Stud. 2016 Dec;57(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s40529-016-0134-x. Epub 2016 Aug 9.
Wheat, one of the most important crops, has a detrimental effect on both yield and quality under drought stress. As our preliminary experiment showed that the Chinese Spring wheat-Aegilops longissima chromosome substitution line CS-1S (1B) had a better drought tolerance than CS, the substitution line CS-1S(1B) was used to identify drought stress related proteins by means of a comparative proteome approach in this work. Our present study aimed to explore the gene resources for drought resistance in 1S genome.
Our results showed that drought stress induced downregulation of relative water and chlorophyll contents and the upregulation of proline content, and further influencing grain filling shortening and significant decrease of plant height, B-type starch granule numbers, grain number and weight. In total, 25 grain albumin and globulin protein spots were found to be specifically encoded by the 1S chromosome. In addition, 17 protein spots respected 13 unique proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS, which were mainly involved in adverse defense and gluten quality. Among them, ascorbate peroxidase, serpin-Z2B and alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitor were upregulated under drought stress. These proteins play important roles in plant drought defenses through various metabolic pathways.
Our results indicate that the 1S chromosome of Aegilops longissima has potential gene resources that could be useful for improving wheat drought resistance.
小麦作为最重要的作物之一，在干旱胁迫下对产量和品质均有不利影响。我们的初步实验表明，中国春小麦-节节麦染色体代换系CS-1S(1B)比中国春小麦具有更强的耐旱性，因此本研究利用该代换系通过比较蛋白质组学方法鉴定干旱胁迫相关蛋白。本研究旨在探索1S基因组中的抗旱基因资源。
我们的结果表明，干旱胁迫导致相对含水量和叶绿素含量下调，脯氨酸含量上调，并进一步影响籽粒灌浆缩短以及株高、B型淀粉粒数量、粒数和粒重显著下降。总共发现25个谷蛋白和球蛋白蛋白斑点由1S染色体特异性编码。此外，通过基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间串联质谱（MALDI-TOF/TOF MS）鉴定出17个蛋白斑点对应13种独特蛋白，这些蛋白主要参与逆境防御和面筋品质。其中，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶、丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂Z2B和α-淀粉酶/胰蛋白酶抑制剂在干旱胁迫下上调。这些蛋白通过各种代谢途径在植物干旱防御中发挥重要作用。
我们的结果表明，节节麦的1S染色体具有潜在的基因资源，可用于提高小麦的抗旱性。
