加纳中部地区的甲状腺疾病：二十年碘化作用的影响
Thyroid Disorders in Central Ghana: The Influence of 20 Years of Iodization.
作者信息
Sarfo-Kantanka Osei, Kyei Ishmael, Sarfo Fred Stephen, Ansah Eunice Oparebea
机构信息
Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.
Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
出版信息
J Thyroid Res. 2017;2017:7843972. doi: 10.1155/2017/7843972. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
BACKGROUND
Ghana began mandatory iodization of salt in 1996. This study compares the prevalence of thyroid disorders before and after the introduction of iodization.
METHODS
This is a retrospective study of thyroid cases from the middle belt of Ghana between 1982 and 2014. To demonstrate a link between iodization and hyperthyroidism and autoimmunity, we compared the prevalence of hyperthyroidism and autoimmune thyroid disorders before and after the iodization programme.
RESULTS
A total of 10,484 (7548 females, 2936 males) cases were recorded. The rate of thyroid cases seen was 343/100,000. Nontoxic nodular goiters (25.7%) and toxic nodular goiters (22.5%) represented the second commonest thyroid disorders recorded. The prevalence of hyperthyroid disorders seen after 1996 was significantly higher than the prevalence seen before the iodization (40.0 versus 21.1%, < 0.001). The prevalence of autoimmune disorders recorded after iodization was significantly higher than that before the iodization programme started (22.3% versus 9.6%, < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
This study has revealed a significant increase in thyroid admissions in Central Ghana over the decades. A connection between iodine fortification and iodine-induced hyperthyroidism and between iodine fortification and autoimmune thyroiditis has been shown in this study.
背景
加纳于1996年开始强制食盐碘化。本研究比较了碘化引入前后甲状腺疾病的患病率。
方法
这是一项对1982年至2014年加纳中部地区甲状腺病例的回顾性研究。为了证明碘化与甲状腺功能亢进和自身免疫之间的联系，我们比较了碘化计划前后甲状腺功能亢进和自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的患病率。
结果
共记录了10484例病例（女性7548例，男性2936例）。甲状腺病例的发生率为343/100000。非毒性结节性甲状腺肿（25.7%）和毒性结节性甲状腺肿（22.5%）是记录的第二常见甲状腺疾病。1996年后出现的甲状腺功能亢进症患病率显著高于碘化前的患病率（40.0%对21.1%，<0.001）。碘化后记录的自身免疫性疾病患病率显著高于碘化计划开始前（22.3%对9.6%，<0.001）。
结论
本研究显示，几十年来加纳中部甲状腺疾病入院人数显著增加。本研究表明碘强化与碘致甲状腺功能亢进以及碘强化与自身免疫性甲状腺炎之间存在关联。
Zotero 插件