Lee Elizabeth C, Asher Jason M, Goldlust Sandra, Kraemer John D, Lawson Andrew B, Bansal Shweta
Department of Biology.
Leidos, Washington D.C.
J Infect Dis. 2016 Dec 1;214(suppl_4):S409-S413. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiw344.
Spatial big data have the velocity, volume, and variety of big data sources and contain additional geographic information. Digital data sources, such as medical claims, mobile phone call data records, and geographically tagged tweets, have entered infectious diseases epidemiology as novel sources of data to complement traditional infectious disease surveillance. In this work, we provide examples of how spatial big data have been used thus far in epidemiological analyses and describe opportunities for these sources to improve disease-mitigation strategies and public health coordination. In addition, we consider the technical, practical, and ethical challenges with the use of spatial big data in infectious disease surveillance and inference. Finally, we discuss the implications of the rising use of spatial big data in epidemiology to health risk communication, and public health policy recommendations and coordination across scales.
空间大数据具有大数据源的速度、体量和多样性，并包含额外的地理信息。数字数据源，如医疗理赔数据、手机通话记录和带有地理标签的推文，已作为新型数据来源进入传染病流行病学领域，以补充传统的传染病监测。在这项工作中，我们举例说明了空间大数据到目前为止在流行病学分析中的应用方式，并描述了这些数据来源在改进疾病缓解策略和公共卫生协调方面的机遇。此外，我们考虑了在传染病监测和推断中使用空间大数据所面临的技术、实践和伦理挑战。最后，我们讨论了空间大数据在流行病学中日益广泛的应用对健康风险沟通、公共卫生政策建议以及跨尺度协调的影响。
