1 School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
2 School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2018 Jan;52(1):15-23. doi: 10.1177/0004867417726174. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
Mental illness is now the leading cause of long-term sickness absence among Australian workers, with significant costs to the individual, their employers and society more broadly. However, to date, there has been little evidence-informed guidance as to what workplaces should be doing to enhance their employees' mental health and wellbeing. In this article, we present a framework outlining the key strategies employers can implement to create more mentally healthy workplaces. The five key strategies outlined are as follows: (1) designing work to minimise harm, (2) building organisational resilience through good management, (3) enhancing personal resilience, (4) promoting early help-seeking and (5) supporting recovery and return to work. A narrative review is utilised to outline the theoretical evidence for this framework and to describe the available research evidence for a number of key example interventions for each of the five strategies. While each workplace needs to develop tailored solutions, the five strategy framework proposed in this review will hopefully provide a simple framework for employers and those advising them to use when judging the adequacy of existing services and considering opportunities for further enhancements.
精神疾病现在是导致澳大利亚工人长期病假的主要原因，给个人、雇主和更广泛的社会都带来了巨大的成本。然而，迄今为止，几乎没有基于证据的指导来告诉工作场所应该做些什么来增强员工的心理健康和幸福感。在本文中，我们提出了一个框架，概述了雇主可以实施的关键策略，以创建更健康的工作场所。概述的五个关键策略如下：（1）设计工作以尽量减少伤害，（2）通过良好的管理建立组织弹性，（3）增强个人弹性，（4）促进早期寻求帮助，（5）支持康复和重返工作岗位。本文利用叙述性综述来概述这一框架的理论依据，并描述了针对这五个策略中的每一个策略的一些关键示例干预措施的现有研究证据。虽然每个工作场所都需要制定量身定制的解决方案，但本综述中提出的五项策略框架有望为雇主和为他们提供建议的人提供一个简单的框架，用于判断现有服务的充分性，并考虑进一步改进的机会。
