1Food Security Research Center,Isfahan University of Medical Sciences,Hezar Jarib Street, PO Box 81745, Isfahan,Islamic Republic of Iran.
3School of Nutrition,Ryerson University,Toronto,Ontario,Canada.
Public Health Nutr. 2017 Oct;20(15):2713-2721. doi: 10.1017/S1368980017001768. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Vegetarian diets contain various anti-inflammatory components. We aimed to investigate the effects of vegetarianism on inflammatory biomarkers when compared with omnivores.
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Literature search was conducted in Science Direct, Proquest, MEDLINE and Google Scholar up to June 2016. Summary estimates and corresponding 95 % CI were derived via the DerSimonian and Laird method using random effects, subgroup analyses were run to find the source of heterogeneity and a fixed-effect model examined between-subgroup heterogeneity.
Studies were included if they evaluated effects of any type of vegetarianism compared with omnivores on circulating levels of inflammatory biomarkers. No restriction was made in terms of language or the date of study publications.
Eighteen articles were included. Pooled effect size showed no difference in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in vegetarians v. omnivores (Hedges' g=-0·15; 95 % CI -0·35, 0·05), with high heterogeneity (I 2=75·6 %, P<0·01). A subgroup analysis by minimum duration of vegetarianism showed that a minimum duration of 2 years vegetarianism was associated with lower hs-CRP levels v. omnivores (Hedges' g=-0·29; 95 % CI -0·59, 0·01), with moderate heterogeneity (I 2=68·9 %, P<0·01). No significant effect was found in studies using a minimum duration of 6 months of vegetarianism, with low heterogeneity. Vegetarianism was associated with increased IL-6 concentrations (0·21 pg/ml; 95 % CI 0·18, 0·25), with no heterogeneity (I 2=0·0 %, P=0·60).
The meta-analysis provides evidence that vegetarianism is associated with lower serum concentrations of hs-CRP when individuals follow a vegetarian diet for at least 2 years. Further research is necessary to draw appropriate conclusions regarding potential associations between vegetarianism and IL-6 levels. A vegetarian diet might be a useful approach to manage inflammaging in the long term.
素食饮食含有各种抗炎成分。我们旨在研究素食与杂食者相比对炎症生物标志物的影响。
系统评价和荟萃分析。
文献检索在 Science Direct、Proquest、MEDLINE 和 Google Scholar 进行，截至 2016 年 6 月。使用随机效应，通过 DerSimonian 和 Laird 方法得出汇总估计值和相应的 95 % CI。进行亚组分析以找到异质性的来源，并使用固定效应模型检查亚组间异质性。
如果研究评估了任何类型的素食与杂食者相比对循环炎症生物标志物的影响，则将其纳入研究。在语言或研究出版物日期方面没有限制。
纳入了 18 篇文章。荟萃分析显示，素食者和杂食者之间的高敏 C 反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平没有差异（Hedges' g=-0·15；95 % CI -0·35，0·05），异质性很高（I 2=75·6 %，P<0·01）。按素食持续时间的亚组分析显示，素食持续时间至少 2 年与杂食者相比，hs-CRP 水平较低（Hedges' g=-0·29；95 % CI -0·59，0·01），异质性中度（I 2=68·9 %，P<0·01）。使用素食持续时间至少 6 个月的研究未发现显著影响，异质性较低。素食与白细胞介素-6 浓度升高（0·21 pg/ml；95 % CI 0·18，0·25）相关，无异质性（I 2=0·0 %，P=0·60）。
荟萃分析提供的证据表明，当个体遵循素食饮食至少 2 年时，素食与血清 hs-CRP 浓度降低相关。需要进一步的研究来得出关于素食与白细胞介素-6 水平之间潜在关联的适当结论。素食饮食可能是长期管理炎症老化的一种有用方法。
