Department of Biology and Wildlife, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA.
Alaska State Public Health Virology Laboratory, Fairbanks, AK, 99775, USA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 29;7(1):9633. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-10254-9.
Canine parvovirus (CPV) outbreaks can have a devastating effect in communities with dense dog populations. The interior region of Alaska experienced a CPV outbreak in the winter of 2016 leading to the further investigation of the virus due to reports of increased morbidity and mortality occurring at dog mushing kennels in the area. Twelve rectal-swab specimens from dogs displaying clinical signs consistent with parvoviral-associated disease were processed using next-generation sequencing (NGS) methodologies by targeting RNA transcripts, and therefore detecting only replicating virus. All twelve specimens demonstrated the presence of the CPV transcriptome, with read depths ranging from 2.2X - 12,381X, genome coverage ranging from 44.8-96.5%, and representation of CPV sequencing reads to those of the metagenome background ranging from 0.0015-6.7%. Using the data generated by NGS, the presence of newly evolved, yet known, strains of both CPV-2a and CPV-2b were identified and grouped geographically. Deep-sequencing data provided additional diagnostic information in terms of investigating novel CPV in this outbreak. NGS data in addition to limited serological data provided strong diagnostic evidence that this outbreak most likely arose from unvaccinated or under-vaccinated canines, not from a novel CPV strain incapable of being neutralized by current vaccination efforts.
犬细小病毒 (CPV) 爆发在犬只密集的社区可能会产生毁灭性的影响。阿拉斯加内陆地区在 2016 年冬季爆发了 CPV 疫情，由于该地区的狗拉雪橇犬舍报告发病率和死亡率上升，因此进一步调查了该病毒。从表现出与细小病毒相关疾病临床症状的犬只中采集了 12 份直肠拭子样本，使用靶向 RNA 转录本的下一代测序 (NGS) 方法进行处理，因此只能检测到复制的病毒。所有 12 个样本均显示存在 CPV 转录组，读取深度范围为 2.2X-12,381X，基因组覆盖率范围为 44.8-96.5%，CPV 测序reads 与宏基因组背景的代表比例范围为 0.0015-6.7%。利用 NGS 生成的数据，鉴定出了新出现的、已知的 CPV-2a 和 CPV-2b 毒株，并按地理位置进行了分组。深度测序数据提供了有关该次爆发中新型 CPV 调查的额外诊断信息。NGS 数据加上有限的血清学数据提供了强有力的诊断证据，表明此次爆发最有可能是由未接种或未充分接种疫苗的犬只引起的，而不是由新型 CPV 株引起的，该新型 CPV 株不能被当前的疫苗接种工作所中和。
